The Band-Ziart ophiolitic complex in the southern Kerman province, southeastern Iran, represents a segment of the Neo-Tethyan ophiolitic belt within the Makran structural zone. This study aims to determine the petrogenesis, crystallization conditions, and tectonic setting of the gabbros from this complex based on petrographic observations, whole-rock geochemistry, mineral chemistry, and clinopyroxene thermobarometry. Petrographic investigations reveal that the rocks are mainly cumulate and massive gabbros consisting of clinopyroxene (diopside–augite), plagioclase, and titanomagnetite. Geochemical data indicate a subalkaline tholeiitic affinity, enrichment in light rare earth elements (LREEs) relative to heavy REEs, and depletion in Nb and Ta. Clinopyroxene chemistry suggests crystallization temperatures of 1000–1250 °C and pressures of 5–10 kbar. The parental magma is interpreted to have originated from 5–10% partial melting of a spinel lherzolite mantle source in a back-arc basin extensional setting, followed by fractional crystallization in a hydrous magma chamber. The presence of Fe–Ti oxides (titanomagnetite) is linked to magmatic differentiation under relatively high oxygen fugacity. These features collectively indicate that the Band-Ziart ophiolite represents a back-arc basin type ophiolite emplaced during Neo-Tethyan orogenic evolution.