شناسایی و بررسی گیاهان نشانگر معدنی در منطقه کانی سازی چلپو (شمال کاشمر)

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد گروه مهندسی نفت و زمین‌شناسی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی نفت و زمین‌شناسی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

ژئوبوتانی به عنوان یک ابزار مفید در اکتشاف مواد معدنی، امروزه در مباحث زیست­محیطی و پاک­سازی محیط­های آلوده به فلزات و شبه فلزات کاربرد زیادی پیدا کرده است. منطقه چلپو در 45 کیلومتری شمال شهرستان کاشمر (خراسان رضوی) قرار دارد. در این تحقیق، با توجه به وجود کانسار انتیموان- طلا و ویژگی­های زمین­شناسی و ژئوشیمی در کنار پوشش گیاهی خاص منطقه، مطالعه ژئوبوتانی گیاهان به منظور شناسایی و معرفی گیاهان نشانگر معدنی، معرفی گیاهان اندمیک و تاثیر ژئوشیمی منطقه بر متالوفیت­های مهم انجام گردید. نمونه­برداری در مراحل دقیق و مشخص از اندام گیاه و خاک محل ریشه گیاهان صورت گرفت. میزان عناصر در نمونه­های خاک­، ریشه و اندام هوایی گیاه مورد مقایسه قرار گرفت. بر اساس نتایج تجزیه­های شیمیایی، میزان آرسنیک تمامی گونه­های گیاهی برداشت شده بالاتر از حد طبیعی در گیاهان است. در گونه Asperula glomerata subsp. Turcomanica بالاتر از 2000 میلی­گرم در تن آرسنیک اندازه­گیری شد. بیشتر گیاهان میزان بالاتری از حد طبیعی یک یا چند عنصر را در خود متمرکز کرده که هم به لحاظ اکتشاف مواد معدنی فلزی و هم از دیدگاه زیست­محیطی بسیار حائز اهمیت است. با وجود نزدیکی نمونه­های برداشت شده از نظر موقعیت مکانی، گیاهان میزان جذب بسیار متفاوتی را در هر عنصر نشان دادند. گیاه اندمیک Astragalus hekmat-safaviae با ضریب انباشت بسیار بالا آرسنیک (9)، آنتیموان (25) و مولیبدن (51) را می­توان به عنوان جاذب یا فراجاذب برای این سه فلز و به عنوان انباشتگر برای عناصر مس و روی (حدود 1) معرفی کرد. گیاه Asperula glomerata subsp. Turcomanica از گیاهان بارز منطقه، برای عناصر روی و مولیبدن ضریب انباشتی حدود 2 را نشان می­دهد. گیاه .Jurinea sp که در این مطالعه برای اولین بار در منطقه مشاهده شده، ضریب انباشت و فاکتور ضریب انتقال بالاتر از یک را برای عناصر روی و مولیبدن نشان می­دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Identification and study of mineral indicator plants in Chalpo mineralization area (North Kashmar)

نویسندگان [English]

  • A. S Alavinejad 1
  • s. saadat 2
1 M. Sc., student. Dept. of Petroleum Engineering and Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
2 Dept. of Petroleum Engineering and Geology, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Geobotany, as a useful tool in the exploration of minerals, has found a lot of use in environmental studies and the cleaning of contaminated environments. Chalpo is located 45 km north of Kashmer city (Khorasan Razavi). Due to the occurrence of antimony-gold deposit and geological and geochemical characteristics along with the specific vegetation of the region, the geobotanical study of the plants of the area was carried out to identify mineral indicator plants, introduce endemic plants and the geochemical effect of the region on important metallophytes. Sampling was done in precise and specific steps from the plant organs and the soil where the roots of the plants are located. The amount of elements in the soil, root and shoot samples of the plant was compared. Based on the results of chemical analyses, the arsenic content of all plant species is higher than the normal level in plants. Ih has measured above 2000 ppm arsenic in Asperula glomerata subsp. turcomanica. Most plants concentrated one or more elements higher than normal, which is very important both from the point of view of the exploration of metal minerals and from the environmental studies. Despite the proximity location of the collected samples, the plants showed very different absorption rates in each element. The endemic plant Astragalus hekmat-safaviae with a very high accumulation coefficient of arsenic (9), antimony (25) and molybdenum (51) can be introduced as an absorbent or superabsorbent for these metals and as an accumulator for copper and zinc elements. The Asperula glomerata subsp. turcomanica, one of the typical plants of the region, shows an accumulation coefficient of about 2 for zinc and molybdenum. The Jurinea sp. which was observed in this study for the first time, shows the accumulation coefficient and the transfer coefficient factor higher than one for zinc and molybdenum.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Geobotany
  • Biogeochemsitry
  • Indicator plants
  • Superabsorbent
  • Kashmar
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