Authors
1
Associate Professor of Engineering Geology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Lorestan University, Khorramabad, Iran
2
Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University Of Mashhad (FUM).Mashhad- Iran
3
Assistant Professor of Engineering Geology, Institute of Innovation, Science and Sustainability, Federation University, Ballarat 3350, VIC, Australia
10.22084/nfag.2025.30606.1660
Abstract
Stones are among the most widely used construction materials in various parts of a building, including wall cladding, stair, paving, and flooring. Uniaxial compressive strength and physical properties (density, porosity, and ultrasonic wave velocity) are common technical properties used to evaluate the quality of building stones and need to be considered before their selection. Uniaxial compressive strength can be determined directly in the laboratory or indirectly through physical properties. In this study, a database was created by collecting data on the uniaxial compressive strength and physical properties of 150 travertine samples. The quality of the travertines was assessed on the basis of the values of uniaxial compressive strength and physical properties. Further correlation relationships between uniaxial compressive strength and density, porosity, and ultrasonic wave velocity were developed through univariate and multivariate regression analyses. The evaluations revealed that, unlike some other dense building stones, such as limestone, marble, and granite, the values of uniaxial compressive strength and physical properties of travertines vary over a wide range, which is related to their porous nature (containing fine to coarse pores). According to the results of the univariate regression analyses, the uniaxial compressive strength is weakly correlated with the density, porosity, and ultrasonic wave velocity, with coefficients of determination of 0.433, 0.230, and 0.353, respectively. Furthermore, multivariate regression analysis revealed that when the porosity and ultrasonic wave velocity are used as input parameters to estimate the uniaxial compressive strength, the coefficient of determination increases to 0.535. On the basis of the values of the coefficients of determination, the empirical relationships obtained from multivariate regression analysis have somewhat greater accuracy in estimating uniaxial compressive strength than those obtained from univariate regression. However the results indicate moderate accuracy of the empirical relationships for estimating uniaxial compressive strength from physical properties.
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