ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Assessment of the groundwater quality resources in the Kahriz plain and comparing its trend over recent years
Kahriz Plain is located in the West Azarbaijan province along Urmia Lake and is part of the Urmia Lake catchment. Given the proximity of this plain to Urmia Lake and changes in groundwater level in this region, this study aimed to investigate the quality of groundwater from the results of 12 sampling stations during three dry periods (September) of 88-89, 91-92 and 95-94 was used for comparison. The results showed that the water type was Calcic-Magnesium-Chlorate in the first period and changed to Calcic-Carbonate-Chlorate type indicating the interaction of water-rock in the region. Groundwater quality for drinking and agriculture showed that due to high salinity and sodium content in all three periods, the northern part and areas leading to Urmia Lake were not of good quality and had limited use. The direction of groundwater flow in the region is from west to Urmia Lake, and thus the amount of electrical conductivity along with the total soluble solids increases from west to lake. The highest correlation was observed between electrical conductivity parameters and total soluble solids (p <0.05 and r = 0.9) and ions were highly correlated and had a common origin. Investigation of indices of sodium percent, sodium uptake ratio, permeability, magnesium risk and Kelly ratio indicate low to moderate limitations in groundwater use in irrigation systems. Groundwater quality based on geochemical ratios is one of the factors controlling the effect of evaporative minerals dissolution, extensive evaporation, and probability of saline water infiltration. In terms of electrical conductivity, 25% of the samples are in poor condition and show high to medium restriction for northern areas including Goltapeh and Jamalabad, Ghushchi and Qolghani areas. Therefore, different methods such as leaching and modification of the cropping pattern are needed.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3545_81124ff101aff1a1c3b96f0972ec1438.pdf
2020-12-21
1
17
10.22084/nfag.2020.3545
Kahriz
Ground water quality
Urmia lake
Agriculture
R.
Bahrami nasab
royabahrami762@gmail.com
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
H.
Pirkharrati
h.pirkharrati@urmia.ac.ir
2
گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
A. R.
Abasfam
zsheikhi255@gmail.com
3
کارشناسارشد سازمان آب منطقهای آذربایجان غربی، ارومیه
AUTHOR
Z.
Sheikhi
z.sheikhi@urmia.ac.ir
4
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
آقانباتی، ع (1383) زمینشناسی ایران، انتشارات سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی، 586 ص.
1
اسدزاده، ف.، شکیبا، س.، و کاکی، م (1396) ارزیابی و تحلیل روند کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت عجبشیر برای مصارف کشاورزی. نشریه یافتههای نوین زمینشناسی کاربردی، دروه 11، شماره 21، ص 114-124.
2
اصغریمقدم، ا.، و محبی، ی (1395) ارزیابی عوامل موثر بر کیفیت شیمیایی آب زیرزمینی دشت کهریز با استفاده از روشهای آماری و هیدروشیمیایی. نشریه هیدروژئولوژی، سال اول، شماره 1، ص 92-76.
3
بشارتی، ک.، و فضلنیا، ع (1395) بررسی میزان غلظت عناصر در آبهای زیرزمینی منطقه آستانه اشرفیه-کوچصفهان. نشریه یافتههای نوین زمینشناسی کاربردی، دوره 10، شماره 19، ص 40-50.
4
شکیبا، س.، نوینپور، ا.، حسینی، م.، و اکبرپور، ر (1395) ارزیابی کیفیت آبهای زیرزمینی روستای کیلک در بالا دست محل دفن زبالههای شهر سنندج از نظر مصرف شرب. نشریه یافتههای نوین زمینشناسی کاربردی، دوره 10، شماره 19، ص 92-104.
5
عبدالهی، م.، قشلاقی، ا.، و عباسنژاد، ا (1394) هیدروژئوشیمی زیستمحیطی منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت راور (شمال استان کرمان). نشریه محیط شناسی، (1)41، ص 81-95.
6
فرخنژاد، ل (1397) ارزیابی هیدروژئوشیمیایی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی شهرستان نقده در فصل کم آبی. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه ارومیه، 86 ص.
7
لک، ر.، و درویشیخاتونی، ج (1395) مطالعه محیطهای رسوبی و ترکیب شورابه دریاچه ارومیه با نگرشی بر ارائه راهکار مناسب جهت احیا. نشریه محیط زیست طبیعی، (3) 69، ص 835-851.
8
رضایی، م.، زیوری، ر.، اشجاری، ج.، و کابلی، ع (1396) فرایندهای ژئوشیمیائی مؤثر در شیمی آب زیرزمینی در سازند کربناته خوشییلاق، شمال ایران. محیط شناسی، (2)43، ص 219-231.
9
نجفپور، ن.، ترابی پوده، ح.، و یونسی، ح (1397) ارزیابی روشهای زمین آمار و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی در تحلیل تغییرات مکانی و طبقهبندی کیفیت آب زیرزمینی (یادداشت فنی). تحقیقات منابع آب ایران، سال چهاردهم، شماره 1، ص 257-262.
10
یوسفی، ح.، کاشکی، ع.، کرمی، م.، حسینزاده، ا.، و ریحانی، ا (1397) مقایسهی و پهنهبندی کیفیت منابع آب زیرزمینی دشت بجنورد طی دورههای خشکسالی و ترسالی با استفاده از شاخصهای SPI، RAI و PN. نشریه اکوهیدرولوژی، دوره 5، شماره 3، ص 1005-993.
11
Chadha, D. K (1999) A proposed new diagram for geochemical classification of natural waters and interpretation of chemical data, Hydrogeology journal, 7(5): 431-439.
12
Ehya, F., Marbouti, Z (2018) Groundwater quality assessment and its suitability for agricultural purposes in the Behbahan Plain, SW Iran. Water Practice and Technology, 13(1): 62-78.
13
Ehya, F., Saeedi, F (2018) Assessment of groundwater quality in the Garmez area (Southeastern Khuzestan province, SW Iran) for drinking and irrigation uses. Carbonates and Evaporites, 1-12.
14
ElKashouty, M (2019) Groundwater quality distribution by geostatistical investigation (GIS), Nile Delta, Northern Egypt, Journal of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, 11(1): 1-21.
15
Hem, J. D (1970) Study and interpretation of the chemical characteristics of natural water (No. 1473). US Government Printing Office.
16
Kelly, W. P (1940) Permissible composition and concentration of irrigated waters. Amer. Soc. Civ. Engin. Trans, 106: 849–855.
17
Khan, R., Jhariya, D. C (2018) Hydrogeochemistry and Groundwater Quality Assessment for Drinking and Irrigation Purpose of Raipur City, Chhattisgarh. Journal of the Geological Society of India, 91(4): 475-482.
18
Nair, H. C., Padmalal, D., Joseph, A., Gopinthan, V. P (2018) Hydrogeochemistry and water quality assessment of shallow aquifers in the western flanks of Southern Western Ghats, SW India. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 11(4): 73.
19
Paliwal, K. V (1972) Irrigation with Saline Water. In: Monogram no. 2 (new series). IARI, New Delhi, p. 198.
20
Piper, A. M (1944) A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water‐analyses. Eos, Transactions American Geophysical Union, 25(6): 914-928.
21
Scofield, C. S (1936) The Salinity of Irrigation Water. Smithsonian Institute, Annual Report, 1935, Washington DC, pp. 275–287.
22
Shabbir, R., Ahmad, S. S (2015) Use of geographic information system and water quality index to assess groundwater quality in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 40(7): 2033-2047.
23
Wagh, V. M., Panaskar, D. B., Jacobs, J. A., Mukate, S. V., Muley, A. A., Kadam, A. K (2019) Influence of hydro-geochemical processes on groundwater quality through geostatistical techniques in Kadava River basin, Western India. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 12(1): 7.
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Wilcox, L. V (1958) Determining the quality of irrigation water. Dept. of Agriculture, USA, pp. 6.
25
World Health Organization (2011) Guidelines for drinking water quality, 4th edn. World Health Organization, Geneva.
26
World Health Organization (2003) Arsenic in drinking-water: background document for development of WHO guidelines for drinking-water quality (No. WHO/SDE/WSH/03.04/75). World Health Organization.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Faults and seismicity in the Bakharden-Quchan zone
The Bakharden-Quchan Faulted Zone is located in central part of trusted folding belts of Kopeh Dagh in NE-Iran with an array of active right lateral-strike slip faults by trending NW-SE. the most seismic activities have distributed around and along major fault systems of this zone. Because of neotectonic activities and ends bending of these faults in the Bakharden-Quchan Zone and mechanism changing faults to reverse accompanying with trusting vector have increased stress, shortening, seismicity and high density of earthquakes in their ends. This zone has constantly put unter affection neotectonic stresses convergence of Arabia-Eurasia plates since last phase of Alpine orogeny. In this paper by using of Zmap software and Box counting method were used to compute surface fractal dimension of faults distribution that is shown geometric disorder pattern of earthquakes and forming two cells with high fractal dimension along the Bakharden-Quchan Faulted Zone.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3168_24cdbd2570f13403ffd4c4998792519c.pdf
2020-12-21
18
28
10.22084/nfag.2020.19737.1386
seismicity
Seismic
sources
fractal dimension
Box counting
neotectonic zone of Bakharden-Quchan
J.
Biglari
tectogeology@gmail.com
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شاهرود، واحد شاهرود
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Kangi
a.kangi.geology@gmail.com
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شاهرود، واحد شاهرود
AUTHOR
A.
Jafarian
r.jafarian@gmail.com
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شاهرود، واحد شاهرود
AUTHOR
آقانباتی، ع (1383) زمینشناسی ایران. سازمان زمینشناسی ایران.
1
علیپور، ر.، صدر، ا. و امینی، پ (1394) تحلیل پویایی زمین ساخت گسل مروارید در پهنه زاگرس جوان بوسیله استفاده از GIS و تجزیه و تحلیل فرکتالی. بیستمین کنفرانس زمینشناسی، تهران، ص 814-823.
2
فاتحی، ز.، جمالآبادی، ج.، زنگنه، م. و رباط سرپوشی، م (1394) بررسی تاثیر زمینساخت در جنبههای کمی زهکشی. تحقیقات کمی ژئومورفولوژی. 4، ص 87-103.
3
کنگی، ع (1393) گزارش اندازهگیریهای القایی زلزلهها در مخازن سدهای خراسان شمالی بوسیله مدیریت بحران. سازمان آب خراسان شمالی، ص 123.
4
کنگی، ع (1397) گزارش همبستگی پارامترهای لرزهای اطراف سدهای شیرین دره و بارزو در خراسان شمالی. سازمان آب خراسان شمالی، ص 15-20.
5
Aki, K (1981) Source and scatering effects on the spectra of small local earthquakes. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 71: 1687-1700.
6
Allen, M., Jackson, J., & Walker, R (2004) Late Cenozoic reorganization of the Arabia‐Eurasia collision and the comparison of short‐term and long‐term deformation rates. Tectonics, 23(2).
7
Berberian, M (1981) Active faulting and tectonics of Iran. Zagros Hindu Kush Himalaya Geodynamic Evolution, 3: 33-69.
8
Bretis, B., Grasemann, B., and Conradi, F (2012) An Active Fault Zone In The Western Kopeh Dagh (Iran). Austrian Journal of Earth Sciences, 105 (3).
9
Brown, F. A., Guzmán, A. R., Yépez, E., Navarro, A. R., & Miller, C. P (1998) Fractal geometry and seismicity in the Mexican subduction zone. Geofísica Internacional, 37(1).
10
Dewey, J. F., Hempton, M. R., Kidd, W. S. F., Saroglu, F. A. M. C., & Şengör, A. M. C (1986) Shortening of continental lithosphere: the neotectonics of Eastern Anatolia—a young collision zone. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 19 (1): 1-36.
11
Guarnieri, P., Carbone, S., & Di Stefano, A (2002) The Sicilian orogenic belt: a critical tapered wedge?. Bollettino – Societa Geologica Italiana, 121 (2): 221-230.
12
Hirata, T (1989) A correlation between the b value and the fractal dimension of earthquakes. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 94: 7507-7514.
13
Hollingsworth, J., Jackson, J., Walker, R., Reza Gheitanchi, M., and Javad Bolourchi, M (2006) Strike-slip faulting, rotation, and along-strike elongation in the Kopeh Dagh mountains, NE Iran. Geophysical Journal International, 166: 1161-1177.
14
Kanamori, H., & Anderson, D. L (1975) Theoretical basis of some empirical relations in seismology. Bulletin of the seismological society of America, 65 (5): 1073-1095.
15
King, G (1983) The accommodation of large strains in the upper lithosphere of the earth and other solids by self-similar fault systems: the geometrical origin of b-value. Pure and Applied Geophysics, (121): 761-815.
16
Lomnitz, C (2013) Global tectonics and earthquake risk (Vol. 5). Elsevier.
17
Lyberis, N., and Manby, G (1999) Oblique to orthogonal convergence across the Turan block in the post-Miocene. AAPG bulletin, 83 (7).
18
Mandelbrot, B. B (1982) The fractal of Geometry. Nature, 394-397.
19
Okubo, P. G., & Aki, K (1987) Fractal geometry in the San Andreas fault system. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 92(B1): 345-355.
20
Schwartz, D. P., and Coppersmith, K. J (1984) Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes: Examples from the Wasatch and San Andreas fault zones. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 89: 5681-5698.
21
Shabanian, E., Siame, L., Bellier, O., Benedetti, L., and Abbassi, M. R (2009) Quaternary slip rates along the northeastern boundary of the Arabia-Eurasia collision zone (Kopeh Dagh Mountains, Northeast Iran). Geophysical Journal International, 178 (2).
22
Sukmono, S., Zen, M. T., Kadir, W. G. A., Hendrajaya, L., Santoso, D., & Dubois, J (1996) Fractal geometry of the Sumatra active fault system and its geodynamical implications. Journal of Geodynamics, 22 (1-2): 1-9.
23
Tchalenko, J. S (1975) Seismicity and structure of the Kopet Dagh (Iran, USSR). Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A, 278 (1275).
24
Turcotte, D. L (1986) Fractals and fragmentation. Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 91: 1921-1926.
25
Vernant, P., Nilforoushan, F., Chery, J., Bayer, R., Djamour, Y., Masson, F., and Tavakoli, F (2004) Deciphering oblique shortening of central Alborz in Iran using geodetic data. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 223 (1-2).
26
Wiemer, S., and Wyss, M (2002) Mapping spatial variability of the frequency-magnitude distribution of earthquakes. In Advances in geophysics, 45 (259).
27
Wyss, M., Sammis, C. G., Nadeau, R. M., & Wiemer, S (2004) Fractal dimension and b-value on creeping and locked patches of the San Andreas fault near Parkfield, California. Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America, 94 (2): 410-421.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Investigation of heavy metal contamination and their origin in eastern Azna city, Lorestan province
This study was conducted to investigate the heavy metal contamination and their origin in eastern Azna city in Lorestan province. For this purpose, heavy metals of surface soil samples 113 (5-15 m) were analyzed in the eastern Azna city by AAS flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Origin indices and degree of contamination including enrichment factor (Ef) and its percentage, Geoaccumulation Index (Igeo), contamination factor (Cf) were calculated to evaluate soil contamination. Based on the results, the mean concentrations of heavy metals including Zn, Y, V, Sn, Sr, Sc, Pb, Ni, Cu, Cr, Cd, B, Br were 86.9, 51, 161, 14.5, 160, 26, 32.6, 65.4, 34, 22.9, 0.7, 102, 393 mg/kg, respectively, which Br has the highest and Cd the least. Maximum and minimum enrichment factors are also Cd and Br, respectively. The results showed that the studied area is not heavily contaminated with heavy metals but the concentration of some metals is very high in some places and in the case of a natural source of contamination (rock and soil), these sites can be used as potential mining and resource sources.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3211_519770b971e6f71aaf742c638bbd3a3a.pdf
2020-12-21
29
44
10.22084/nfag.2020.21037.1403
Heavy metals
pollution
Soil
Azna city
A.
Jamshidi
jamshidi.geo85@yahoo.com
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
LEAD_AUTHOR
R.
Sarikhani
sarikhanii@lu.ac.ir
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
AUTHOR
G.
Karami
karami981410@yahoo.co
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
AUTHOR
A.
Ghasemi
ghasmii@lu.ac.ir
4
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
AUTHOR
افشاری، ع.، خادمی، ح.، حجتی، س (۱۳۹۴) ارزیابی پتانسیل خطرپذیری آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاکهای مرکزی استان زنجان بر اساس انواع شاخصهای آلودگی، نشریه پژوهشهای حفاظت آب و خاک، شماره ۶، سال دهم، ص ۴۰-۲۱.
1
باقری، ه (۱۳۹۱) نمونهبرداری و تجزیه دستگاهی نمونههای معدنی و زیستمحیطی، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد اصفهان، ۳۴۲ ص.
2
پورخباز، ح.، جوانمردی، س.، یوسفنیا، ح.، اسلامی، م.، مکرونی، س.، اقدر، ح (۱۳۹۵) ارزیابی زیستمحیطی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاکهای اطراف کارخانه سیمان بهبهان، مجله جغرافیا و برنامهریزی محیطی، شماره ۳، سال ۲۷، ص ۱۰۳-۸۸.
3
دهرآزما، ب.، آذرپیکان، آ.، مدبری، سروش،. سیاره، ع (۱۳۹۳) ارزیابی آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاک منطقه معدن متروکه سرب – روی آی قلعه سی، جنوب خاور تکاب، مجله زمینشناسی مهندسی و محیطزیست، شماره ۹۴، سال بیست و چهارم، ص ۱۳۸-۲۹.
4
ستوهیان، ف.، حجتی، لیلا.، شریفی، س (۱۳۹۳) تاثیرات محیط زیستی سرب و روی زهآباد قزوین، فصلنامه انسان و محیطزیست، شماره بیست و هشتم، ص ۲۹-۱۸.
5
سیستانی، ن.، معینالدینی، م.، خراسانی، ن.، حمیدیان، ا.، طالشی، م.، عظیمی، ر (۱۳۹۶) آلودگی فلزات سنگین در خاکهای مجاور صنایع فولاد کرمان، مجله سلامت و محیط زیست، شماره ۱، سال دهم، ص ۸۶-۷۵.
6
قدیمی، س.، مقیمی، ه (۱۳۹۰) مطالعه زیستمحیطی معدن روی و سرب انگوران زنجان، پنجمین همایش تخصصی زمینشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور مرکز ابهر.
7
قربانینژاد، س.، دانشفر، م.، رحمتی، آ.، فلاح، ف.، حقیزاده، ع.، طهماسبیپور، ن (۱۳۹۶) پتانسیلیابی منابع آبهای زیرزمینی دشت ازنا- الیگودرز با استفاده از میانبرهای طبیعی، مجله سنجش از راه دور و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی در منابع طبیعی، شماره۲۰، سال هشتم، ص ۷۸-۶۲.
8
کرباسی، ع.، نبی بیدهندی، غ.، معطر، ف.، برزگری، ز (۱۳۸۶) بررسی منشاء و دسترسی بیولوژیکی عناصر سنگین در خاک ارتفاعات شمال غرب تهران، مجله علوم و تکنولوژی محیطزیست، شماره ۳، سال یازدهم، ص ۴۱-۳۰.
9
Alloway, B. J (1990) Heavy metals in soils. Blackie and Sons. Ltd. Glasgow and London.
10
Bradl, H. B (2005) Heavy elements in environment, Elsevier Ltd, 283 pp.
11
Deely, J. M., Fergusson, J. E (2017) Heavy metal and organic matter concentration and distributions in dated sediment of small adjacent to a small urban area. Science of the Total Environment, 153: 97-111.
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Hakanson, L (1980) Ecological risk index for aquatic pol - lution control, a sedimento logical approach. Water Research, 14:975-1001.
13
Heling, D. Rothe., P. Förstner., U. Stoffers., P (1990) Sediments and Environmental Geochemistry. Berlin: Springer.
14
Hooda, P. S (2016) Trace elements in soil, Blackwell Publishing Ltd, London, 618 pp.
15
Karimi Nezhad, M. T., Tabatabaii, S. M., Gholami, A (2015) Geochemical assessment of steel smelter-impacted urban soils, Ahvaz, Iran. Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 152: 91-109.
16
Mitra, S., Kebbekus, B. B (1997) Environmental chemical Analysis. Newyork: CRC Press.
17
Muller, G (1979) Index of geoaccumulation Sediments of the Rhine River. Geo Journal, 2: 108 -119.
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Niencheski, L. F. H., Baraj, B., Franca, R. G., Mirlean, N (2002) Lithium as a normalizer for the assessment of an thropogenic metal contamination of sediment of the southern area of patos lagoon. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management, 5: 473-483.
19
Loska, K., Wiechula, D (2003) Application of principal component analysis of source of heavy metal con - tamination in surface sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir. Chemosphere, 51(8): 723-733.
20
Sutherland, R (2000) Bed sediment-associated trace metals in an urban stream, Oahu, Hawaii. Environmental Geology, 39 (6): 611-627.
21
Taheri, M., Mehrzad, J., Mahmudy Gharaie, M. H., Afshari, R., Dadsetan, A., Hami, S (2016) High soil and groundwater arsenic level sinduce high body arsenic loads, health risk and potential anemia for inhabitants of northeastern Iran. Environmental Geochemistry and Health, 38: 469–482.
22
Tahmasebi, P., MahmudyGharaie, M. H., Ghasemzadeh, F., Karimi Karouyeh, A (2015) A survey on heavy metals pollution in water resources of Kouhe Zar Mining area (The West of Torbat Heydarieh, Iran). Journal of Biodiversity and Environmental Sciences, 7(3): 244–253.
23
Wang, Y. Q., Zhang, X. Y., Arimoto, R., Cao, J. J., shen, Z. X (2005) Characteristics of carbonate content and carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of northern china soil and dust aerosol and its application to tracing dust sources. Atmospheric Environment, 39: 2631-2645.
24
Weber, J., karczewska, A. (2004) Biogeochemical processes and cycling of elements in the environment. Geoderma, 122: 2-4.
25
Webster, R. T., Burges, M. (2002) Optimal interpolation and isarithmic mapping of soil properties III-changing drift and universal kriging. Journal of Soil Science, 31: 505-524.
26
Zonta, R., Botter, M., Cassin, D., Zaggia, L (2007) Sediment chemical contamination of shallow water area close to the industrial to the industrial zone of Porto Mar - ghera (Venice Lagoon, Italy). Marine Pollution Bulletin, 55: 529-542.
27
Loska, K., Wiechula, D. (2003) Application of principal component analysis of source of heavy metal contamination in surface sediments from the Rybnik Reservoir. Chemosphere, 51(8): 723-733.
28
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determination of subsurface geochemical anomalies of Pb in Haft-Savaran area, Khomein, Markazi province, by hybrid multifractal method
The study area is located in the south of Markazi province, in Khomein city, in the Sanandaj- Sirjan zone and in the lead and zinc metal belt of Malayer-Isfahan. The research was conducted on 170 samples of 33 boreholes in Haft-Savaran area to identify Pb anomaly. Studies have shown that original and modified singularity models provide acceptable results for geochemical anomalies, but the results of the weighted singularity model were not significant in the two- and three-dimensional studies. Therefore, two-dimensional and three-dimensional integration of singularities are effective in separating the position and spreading the anomalies.Modified singularity model could provide better results than the original singularity method due to the separation of weak anomalies. Coefficient of areal association also indicated a high correlation between original and modified singularity models. Finally, it was found that Pb mineralization has a SW- NE trend in the region.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3254_058999b3ee8cec8b56778e0b5f5627f4.pdf
2020-12-21
45
61
10.22084/nfag.2020.20719.1399
geochemical anomaly
original singularity
weighted singularity
modified singularity
Haft-Savaran
Khomein
F.
Ghadimi
ghadimi@arakut.ac.ir
1
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Khavari
m.kh7773777@gmail.com
2
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک
AUTHOR
S.
Mojeddifar
mojeddifar@arakut.ac.ir
3
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک
AUTHOR
Afzal, P., Harati, H., Fadakar Alghalandis, Y., Yasrebi, A. B (2013) Application of spectrum–area fractal model to identify of geochemical anomalies based on soil data in Kahang porphyry-type Cu deposit, Iran, Chemical Erde Geochemical, 73 (4): 533-543.
1
Ali,Kh., Cheng, Q., Chen, Zh (2015) Multifractal power spectrum and singularity analysis for modeling stream sediment geochemical distribution patterns to identify anomalies related to gold mineralization in Yunnan Province, South China, Geochemical Exploration Environment Analysis, 7(4): 293-301.
2
Cheng, Q (2007) Mapping singularities with stream sediment geochemical data for prediction of undiscovered mineral deposits in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, China, Ore Geological Review, 32: 314–324.
3
Cheng, Q (2008) Non-linear Theory and Power-Law Models for Information Integration and Mineral Resources Quantitative Assessments, Progress in Geomathematics: 195-225.
4
Cheng, Q., Bonham-Carter, G. F., Wang, W., Zhang, S., Li, W., Xia, Q (2011) A spatially weighted principal component analysis for multi-element geochemical data for mapping locations of felsic intrusions in the Gejiu mineral district of Yunnan,China, Computer & Geoscience, 37: 662–669.
5
Cheng, Q (2012) Singularity theory and methods for mapping geochemical anomalies caused by buried sources and for predicting undiscovered mineral deposits incovered areas, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 122: 55–70.
6
Ersoy, A., Yunsel, T. Y (2019) Geochemical modelling and mapping of Cu and Fe anomalies in soil using combining sequential Gaussian co-simulation and local singularity analysis: a case study from Dedeyazı (Malatya) region, SE Turkey, Geochemistry: Exploration, Environment, Analysis, 19:331-342.
7
Ghadimi, F., Khavari, M (2019) Comparison of original and weighted singularity index in separation of Pb- Zn mineralized zone in the Haft Savaran district, central Iran, Iranian Journal of Earth Sciences, 11:1-16.
8
Gonçalves, M. A., Pinto, F., Vieira, R(2018) Using multifractal modelling, singularity mapping, and geochemical indexes for targeting buried mineralization: Application to the W-Sn Panasqueira ore-system, Portuga, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 189:42-53.
9
Hassanpour, S., Afzal, P (2011) Application of concentration-number (C-N) multifractalmodeling for geochemical anomaly separation in Haft Cheshmeh porphyry system, NW Iran, Arabian Journal Geoscience, 6(3): 957–970.
10
Kaveh, P., Ardeshir, H., Mohammad, A., Yousef, G (2011) Application of multifractal modeling technique in systematic geochemical stream sediment survey to identify copper anomalies: a case study from Ahar, Azarbaijan, Northwest Iran, Chemical Erde Geochemical, 71: 397–402.
11
Liu,Y., Cheng, Q., Carranza, E. J. M., Zhou, K (2019) Assessment of Geochemical Anomaly Uncertainty Through Geostatistical Simulation and Singularity Analysis, Natural Resources Research, 28:199-212.
12
Mahmoodi, P., Rastad, E., Rajabi, A., Moradpour, M (2019) Mineralization horizons, stracture and texture, alteration and mineralization stages in Zn-Pb (Ba) Eastern Haft-Savaran deposit in Malayer-Esfahan Metallogenic belt, south of Khomain, Geoscience, 28(110): 3-12 (in Persian).
13
Parsa, M., Maghsoudi, A.,Yousefi, M., Sadeghi, M (2017) Multifractal analysis of stream sediment geochemical data: Implications for hydrothermal nickel prospection in an arid terrain, eastern Iran, Journal Geochemical Exploration, 181: 305-317.
14
Shahrestani, Sh., Mokhtari, A. R (2016) Dilution correction equation revisited: The impact of stream slope, relief ratio and area size of basin on geochemical anomalies, Africa Earth Science, 128: 16-26.
15
Stöcklin, J (1968) Structural History and Tectonics of Iran1: A Review, AAPG Bulletin, 52 (7): 1229–1258.
16
Wang, J., Zuo, R (2019) Recognizing geochemical anomalies via stochastic simulation-based local singularity analysis, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 198: 29-40.
17
Xiao, F., Chen, J., Zhang, Z., Wang, C., Wu, G., Agterberg, F. P (2012) Singularity mapping and spatially weighted principal component analysis to identify geochemical anomalies associated with Ag and Pb–Zn polymetallic mineralization in Northwest Zhejiang, China, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 122: 101–112.
18
Xiao, F., Chen, J., Hou, W., Wang, Zh., Zhou, Y., Erten, O (2018) A spatially weighted singularity mapping method applied to identify epithermal Ag and Pb-Zn polymetallic mineralization associated geochemical anomaly in Northwest Zhejiang, China, Journal of Geochemical Exploration,189: 122-137.
19
1Zandy Ilghani, N., Ghadimi, F., Ghomi, M (2018) Application of alteration index and zoning for Pb-Zn exploration in Haft-Savaran area, Khomein, Iran, Journal of Mining & Environment, 9: 229-242.
20
Zhao, J., Chen, Sh., Zuo, R (2015) Identifying geochemical anomalies associated with Au–Cu mineralization using multifractal and artificial neural network models in the Ningqiang district, Shaanxi, Chin, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 164: 33-41.
21
Zuo, R. G (2011) Identifying geochemical anomalies associated with Cu and Pb-Zn skarn mineralization using principal component analysis and spectrum-area fractal modeling in the Gangdese Belt, Tibet (China), Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 111:13–22.
22
Zuo, R., Xia, Q., Zhang, D (2013) A comparison study of the C–A and S–A models with singularity analysis to identify geochemical anomalies in covered areas, Applied Geochemical, 33: 165–172.
23
Zuo, R (2014) Identification of weak geochemical anomalies using robust neighborhood statistics coupled with GIS in covered areas, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 136:93–101.
24
Zuo, R., Wang, J (2015) Fractal/multifractal modeling of geochemical data: A review, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, 155: 84-90.
25
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
A Review on the geochemical distribution of rare earth elements (REE) in coal, with a view on Iran's coal
In recent years, recovery of rare earth elements (REEs) from coal reserves as by products, in many countries has helped to alleviate the current raw material crisis. Due to the variety of research done in this field and the lack of a review article, doing this research is necessary. The purpose of this article is to review the geochemical distribution of rare earth elements in coal with an overview on Iranian coal. The results of this research show that the amount of heavy rare earth elements is usually higher than light coal rare earth elements than shales and chondrites. The proportion of Ce/Yb ratio in conventional shales is 4 to 6 and in coal and coal shales is about 7 to 8. Four sources for this enrichment have been proposed: 1. Organic origin, 2. Surface absorption by clay minerals in coal basins, 3. Mineral origin and 4. Sedimentation with organic matter during coal formation. Studies have also shown that the concentration of elements on the ash from coal combustion is much higher than coal itself. Extraction of these elements from the ash is easier than coal mining, which significantly reduces the environmental problems caused by the resulting ashes by combustion. The study of Alborz coal (Karmzad, Loshan, and Shahrood) and Central Iran (Tabas, Heshuni, Pabdana, Pudnee Springs, Hajdak) has shown that the grade of rare earth elements in Iranian coal is higher than the average grade of these elements in the upper crust and coal of the world such as China and America.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3260_b4c3efab37ae5f935e75df2f582fdc58.pdf
2020-12-21
62
69
10.22084/nfag.2020.19729.1385
Coal
Rare Earth Elements
Geochemical Distribution
Environmental
Iran
A.
Imamalipour
a.imamalipour@urmia.ac.ir
1
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.
Nazari
nazarihosnie@yahoo.com
2
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
M.
Esmailzadeh
m.esmailzadeh69@gmail.com
3
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
سلیمانی مارشک، ز.، تقیپور، ن (1394) کانیشناسی و ژئوشیمی عناصر فرعی دارای پتانسیل محیطی خطرناک (PHTEs) نهشتههای زغالسنگی منطقه اولنگ (البرز خاوری)، مجله علومزمین، سال بیست و چهارم، شماره 95، ص 207 تا 218.
1
شهراز، س.، کوهساری، ا (1392) بررسی عناصر کمیاب و خاکی نادر در حوزههای زغالی ایران (در معدن زیرزمینی زغالسنگ کارمزد)، مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، سال بیست و دوم، شماره 4، ص 685 تا 696.
2
طاهری، ب.، شهریور قوزوللو، ج.، کازرونی، ح.، قراباغی، م (1393) بررسی ذخایر فلزات استراتژیک و عناصر نادر خاکی همراه در خاکستر زغالسنگ، دومین کنگره ملی زغالسنگ ایران، دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود.
3
علی ملایی، م.، امینزاده، ب (1398) ویژگیهای ژئوشیمیایی عناصر اصلی و خاکی نادر در معدن زغالسنگ کوچک- علی جنوبی (طبس)، نشریه زمینشناسی اقتصادی، دوره 11، شماره 2، ص 321 تا 337.
4
قلیپور، م.، مظاهری، ا.، رقیمی، م.، شمعانیان، غ (1388) بررسـی ویژگیهـای ژئـوشـیمیایی و کـانـیشناسـی زغالسنگهای حوزهی زغالی کارمزد، البرز مرکزی، استان مازندران، مجله بلورشناسی وکانیشناسی ایران، انجمن بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، سال هفدهم، شماره 4، ص 655-670 .
5
کبیرزاده، آ (1370) پروژه مطالعات تأمین زغالسنگ در طرح توسعه فولاد، شرکت ملی فولاد ایران، گزارش داخلی، 745 ص.
6
معینالسادات، س. ح.، رضویارمغانی، م. ب (1372) زمینشناسی ایران- زغالسنگ، انتشارات سازمان زمینشناسی کشور.
7
یعقوبپور، ع (1380) کانیهای خاکهای کمیاب، انتشارات دانشگاه تهران، 428 ص.
8
Bao, Z., Zhao, Z (2008) Geochemistry of mineralization with exchangeable REY in the weathering crusts of granitic rock in South China, Ore Geology Reviews, 33: 519-535.
9
Eskenazy, G. M (1999) Aspects of the geochemistry of rare earth elements in coal, International Journal of Coal Geology, 38: 285-295.
10
Finkleman, R. B (1993) Trace and minor elements in coal, Organic Geochemistry. Plenum, New York, 593-607.
11
Goodarzi, F., Sanei, H (2006) A preliminary study of mineralogy and geochemistry of four coal samples from northern Iran, International Journal of Coal Geology, 65: 35-50.
12
Gürdal, G (2011) Abundances and modes of occurrence of trace elements in the Çan coals (Miocene), Çanakkale-Turkey, International Journal of Coal Geology, 87: 157–173.
13
Henderson, P (1984) Rare Earth Element Geochemistry, Developments in Geochemistry, 510p.
14
Junying, Z., Reh, D., Yanming, Z (2004) Mineral matter and potentially hazardous trace elements in coals from Qianxi Fault Depression area in Southern Guizhou, China, International Journal of Coal Geology, 57: 49-61.
15
Ketris, M. P., Yudovich, Y. E (2009) Estimations of Clarkes for Carbonaceous biolithes: World averages for trace element contents in black shales and coals, International Journal of Coal Geology, 78: 135-148.
16
Mayfield, D. B., Lewis, A. S (2013) Environmental Review of Coal Ash as a Resource for Rare Earth and Strategic Elements, World of Coal Ash (WOCA) Conference, Lexington,KY.
17
Moore, F., Esmaeili, A (2012) Mineralogy and geochemistry of the coals from the Karmozd and Kiasar coal mines, Mazandaran province( Iran), International Journal of Coal Geology, 96: 9-21.
18
Seredin, V. V., Dai, S (2012) Coal deposits as potential alternative sources for lanthanides and yttrium, International Journal of Coal Geology, 94: 67-93.
19
Seredin, V. V., Kremenetskii, A. A (2009) New data on the REY hydrothermal ores with extraordinarily high concentration of rare earth elements, Doklady earth Sciences, 425: 403-408.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Petrology and geochemistry of Tahlab ophiolite, northeastern Taftan volcano
Tahlab ophiolite is located at the Southeastern of Taftan volcano and the Sistan suture zone. This ophiolite (Upper Cretaceous) exposed in the Flysch zone (Eocene). Harzburgites and gabbro's rocks are main part of this ophiolite that studied in this article. Ultramafic rocks have olivine and pyroxene minerals. Mafic rocks have plagioclase, pyroxene and olivine minerals. Serpentine and chlorite have secondary minerals. They are dominant granular, ophitic and sub-ophitic textures. All of REE elements in spider diagrams compared to enrichment mantle have low depletion in HREE and low enrichment to LREE, relatively flat slope, and more similar to E-MORB. Transition elements diagrams (V, Co, Cr, Ni) in against to La / Ce ratio show that differentiation of olivine mineral. High Mg number in the samples (42.91 to 86.02) shows that magma resulted from partial melting from mantle. Also (La/Sm) N in the samples are between 1.37 to 0.34 that show they are mantle source. Tectonomagmatic diagrams shows Tahlab ophiolite has belonging to extensional oceanic intraplate, so it seems this ophiolite formed by subduction of Neothytean oceanic during Cretaceous between Lut and Afghan blocks.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3316_598933c34bf6950755d38cb5e7e354da.pdf
2020-12-21
70
83
10.22084/nfag.2020.21217.1409
Tahlab ophiolite
Tholeiite
Subduction
Sistan suture zone
Taftan
H.
Biabangard
h.biabangard@science.usb.ac.ir
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Boomeri
boomeri@science.usb.ac.ir
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان
AUTHOR
P.
Rigi
p.rigi@yahoo.com
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان
AUTHOR
امامعلیپور، ع.، نظری، ح.، اسمعیلزاده، م (1399) مروری بر ژئوشیمی و محیط تکتونیکی تشکیل پهنههای افیولیتی ایران، نشریه یافتههای نوین زمینشناسی کاربردی، دوره 14، شماره 27، ص 158-171.
1
رئیسی اردلی، ف (1394) ترکیب شیمیایی سنگهای اولترامافیک و مافیک افیولیتی در منطقه چاه بریش، شرق ایران. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، 105ص.
2
سبکروح، م (1394) ترکیب شیمیایی سنگهای مافیک و اولترامافیک از مجموعه افیولیتی غرب فنوج، شمال مکران ایران. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، 97 ص.
3
عطایی، س (1394) ترکیب شیمیایی سنگهای اولترامافیک و مافیک افیولیت در منطقه چشمه رضایی- نصرتآباد، شرق ایران. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، 101ص.
4
قلعهنوعی، ر (1390) ژئوشیمی و منشأ کرومیتهای پودیفرم از شمالغرب تا جنوبغرب زاهدان، جنوبشرق ایران. 259 ص.
5
گودرزی، ر (1394) ژئوشیمی پریدوتیتها و سنگهای مافیک منطقه دومک، شرق ایران، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد.90 ص.
6
Barragan, R., Geist, D., Hall, M., Larson, P. and Kurz, M (1998) Subduction controls on the composition of lavas from the Ecuadorian Andes. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 154:153-166.
7
Delaloye M. and Desmons, J (1980) Ophiolites and mélange terranes in Iran: A geochronological study and its paleotectonic implications. Tectonophysics, 68: 83-11.
8
Delavari, M (2013) Different geodynamic settings for Sistan suture zone ophiolitic units: discussion of textural evidences and mineral chemistry of crustal sequence ultramafic-mafic associations. Petrology, 4:39-58.
9
Fitton, GJ. James, D., and Leeman, WP (1991) Basic magmatism associated with late Cenozoic in the western United State, compositional variations in space and Time. Journal Geophysical Research, 4: 96-86.
10
Hafman, AW (1988) Chemical differentiation of the earth the relationship between mantle, continental curst and oceanic crust. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 16: 90-68.
11
Hafman, AW (2003) Sampling mantle heterogeneity through oceanic basalts: isotopes and trace elements. In: RW Carlson, Ed. Elsevier- Pergamon, Oxford, 42: 61-101.
12
Le Bas, MJ., Le Maiter, RW., Streckeisen, A. and Zanetti, B (1986) A chemical classification of volcanic rocks based on the total alkali- silica diagram. Journal of Petrology, 27: 745-750.
13
Martin, H (1993) The mechanism of petrogenesis of the Archean continental crust comparison with modern processes. Lithos, 30: 373–388.
14
Middlemost, E. A. K (1994) Naming materials in the magma/igneous rock system. Earth Science,
15
37: 215-224.
16
Niu, Y (2004) Bulk- rock major and trace element composition of abyssal peridotites, implications for mantle melting, melt extraction and post- melting processes beneath Mid-Ocean Ridges. Journal of Petrology, 45: 2423–2458.
17
Odinga, M., Lioyd, B., Squire, P., Griffiths, and Cormic, P. M (1978) Geological Quadrangle map of Naranow 1:250000. Geological Survey of Iran.
18
Paulick, H., Bach, W., Godard, M., Hoog, C. J, Suhr, G., and Harvey, J (2006) Geochemistry of abyssal peridotites (Mid-Atlantic Ridge, 15°20′N, ODP Leg 209): Implications for fluid/rock interaction in slow spreading environments. Chemical Geology, 234: 179–210.
19
Pearce, JA (1981) Statically analysis of major element patterns in basalt. Journal of Petrology, 17: 15-43.
20
Saccani E., Delavari M., Beccaluva L. and Amini S (2010) Petrological and geochemical
21
constraints on the origin of the Nehbandan ophiolitic complex (eastern Iran): Implication for the evolution of the Sistan Ocean. Lithos, 117: 209-228.
22
Shervais, J. W (1982) Ti-V plots and the petrogenesis of modern and ophiolite lavas. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 57: 101-108.
23
Snow, J. E., and Dick H. J. B (1995) Pervasive magnesium loss by marine weathering of peridotite. Geo Cosmo Acta 59, 20:4219–4235.
24
Srivastava, RK. and Singh, RK (2004) Trace element geochemistry and genesis of Precambrian subalkaline mafic dikes from the Indian craton: Evidence for mantle metasomatism. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 23: 373-389.
25
Sun, SS. and McDonough, WF (1989) Chemical and isotope systematics of oceanic basalts: implication for mantle composition processes. In: Saunders AD, Norry MJ (Eds.), Magmatism in the ocean basins: Geological Society Special Publication, 313-345.
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Tirrul, R., Bell, I. R., Griffis, R. J. and Camp, V. E (1983) The Sistan suture zone of eastern
27
Iran. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 94: 134-150.
28
Uysal, I. E., Yalcin, E., Karsli, O., Delik, Y., Burhan, Sadiklar, M., Ottley, C.J., Tiepolo, M., and Meisel. T (2012) Coexistence of abyssal and ultra- depleted SSZ type mantle peridotites in a Neo- Tethyan Ophiolite in SW Turkey: Constraints from mineral composition, whole-rock geochemistry (major-trace-REE-PGS) and Re-Os isotope systematic. Lithos,132-133: 50-69.
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Whitney JA. and Evance, F (2010) Abbreviations for names of rock-forming minerals.
30
American Mineralogist, 95: 185–187.
31
Wilson, M (1993) Igneous Petrogenesis, a global tectonic approach. Chapman and Hall, 466p.
32
Winter, J (2010) An introduction to igneous and metamorphic petrology. Pearson Prentice Hall, 702p.
33
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Geotechnical behavior of clayey soils stabilized with cement kiln dust
Clayey soil can cause problems such as swelling and significant settlements during the geotechnical projects. In this regard, improving and reinforcing methods of weak soils can be classified into mechanical, chemical, and physical procedures. Nowadays, the use of available and waste materials is considered to prevent environmental pollution for soil stabilization. One of these materials is cement kiln dust, which is a by-product of Portland cement. In the present study, the possibility of stabilizing two types of bentonite and kaolin clayey soils is evaluated using cement kiln dust (CKD). For this purpose, cement kiln dust was mixed with clayey soils at 10, 20, 25, and 30% and then processed for 7, 14, and 28 days. To investigate the geotechnical behavior of stabilized soil, laboratory tests such as Atterberg limits, compaction, uniaxial compressive strength, direct shear test, and consolidation were carried out. The results show that the optimal amount of CKD is 30% during the processing time of 28 days, which are the most effective on bentonite. The results of bentonite stabilization show a 65%, 58%, and 75% of reduction in the plasticity index, compression index, and swelling potential, respectively. On the other hand, maximum dry unit weight, uniaxial compressive strength, and shear strength increased by 8.7%, 3 times, and 9.4%, respectively, compared to the unstabilized state.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3350_fa432f592319e4a6af4b0996db1d95af.pdf
2020-12-21
84
100
10.22084/nfag.2020.21172.1406
Clay
Cement kiln dust
Shear strength
Swelling
Consolidation
A.
Abdi
a_abdi1387@yahoo.com
1
گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، تبریز
AUTHOR
R.
Dabiri
rouzbehdabiri@gmail.com
2
گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد تبریز، تبریز
LEAD_AUTHOR
احمدی، م و صادق، غ. ج (1392) اثر غبار کوره سیمان بر ویژگیهای ژئوتکنیکی خاکها، اولین کنفرانس مهندسی ژئوتکنیک، دانشگاه محقیق اردبیلی، 30 مهر تا 1 آبان، اردبیل، ایران.
1
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22
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23
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of tectonic activity effect in the Sepidar anticline: insight from fractal analysis of driange pattern, fractures and earthquakes epicenter, Zagros simply folded belt, Fars
Sepidar anticline in southwest of the Zagros, located in a tectonically active area, is delineated by the Sepidar, Sabzpoushan, Khafr and other active faults. This anticline has lost its cover of soft Miocene and Pliocene sediment and is now developed solely in the Asmari resistant limestone. Fractal dimensions of drainage pattern, fractures and earthquake in the Sepidar anticline show different values which varied in the NW-SE direction. Based on these variations, the northwestern parts of the fold have more tectonic activity than the southeastern parts. The transition between these parts correlated with saddle in the fold crest, which has undergone less uplift than the surroundings parts of the fold. Asymmetric forked drainage pattern, sinuosity drainage, and dry valley in the Sepidar flanks are geomorphological evidences of lateral propagation of folds. These geomorphological evidences and Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) maps of fractal variations demonstrate the Sepidar anticline as a sub-cylindrical fold resulted from linear linkage with a saddle at the location where the two initial folds linked.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3356_4aa614368ebb095f4c26152535fbc5fc.pdf
2020-12-21
101
117
10.22084/nfag.2020.20442.1397
Fractal Analyses
Drainage Pattern
Earthquake
Fractures
Lateral Fold Propagation
Sh.
Zare berdeji
shabnam.zare173@gmail.com
1
گروه علومزمین، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان
AUTHOR
S.
Keshavarz
saeede388@gmail.com
2
گروه علومزمین، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Shahpasand zadeh
mshahpasandzadeh@gmail.com
3
گروه علومزمین، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان
AUTHOR
R.
Hasanzadeh
hassanzadeh22@yahoo.com
4
گروه اکولوژِی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان
AUTHOR
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45
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prediction of cutting force in circular diamond sawblades: A case study in granitic rocks
Circular diamond sawblades and diamond wire saw have extensive applications in the processing of natural stones. The cutting performance is affected by the rock properties, sawing characteristics and working conditions. So far, many researchers focused on modeling and estimating the sawing performance. Performance prediction of sawing machine have important role in the cost estimation. The aim of present study is to develop nonlinear models for estimating cutting force in circular diamond sawblades using Imperialist Commutative Algorithm (ICA) optimization techniques and compare the results obtained from literature models. For this purposes, the conducted tests on the granitic rocks were used in the case study and the proposed models based on those data have been evaluated. The peripheral speed, traverse speed, cut depth and flow rate of cooling fluid are used to predict the cutting force. According to the calculated statistical error between the forecasted and real measured values of cutting force, ICA-based model has the lowest values of MAPE, VARE, MEDAE and RMSE, while it has the highest value of VAF, in comparison to the other models. It is concluded that this ACII-based model is superior to others.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3366_6bf307e0b0216a76c4fe0c106b8edbb8.pdf
2020-12-21
118
128
10.22084/nfag.2020.17997.1350
Natural stone processing
Circular diamond sawblades
Cutting force
Imperialist competitive algorithm
M.
Mokhtarian Asl
m.mokhtarian@uut.ac.ir
1
گروه مهندسی معدن و مواد، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Alipour
a.alipour@uut.ac.ir
2
گروه مهندسی معدن و مواد، دانشگاه صنعتی ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
S.
Chehreghani
s.chehreghani@ut.ac.ir
3
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
Ardalan, Z., Karimi, S., Poursabzi, O., & Naderi, B (2015) A novel imperialist competitive algorithm for generalized traveling salesman problems, Applied Soft Computing, 26: 546-555.
1
Ataei, M., Mikaiel, R., Sereshki, F., & Ghaysari, N (2012) Predicting the production rate of diamond wire saw using statistical analysis, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 5(6): 1289-1295.
2
Atashpaz-Gargari, E., & Lucas, C (2007) Imperialist competitive algorithm: an algorithm for optimization inspired by imperialistic competition. Paper presented at the Evolutionary computation, IEEE Congress on.
3
Bayram, F (2008) Sawing optimization of carbonate natural stone with circular saw, PhD Thesis, Hacettepe University.
4
Bayram, F (2013) Prediction of sawing performance based on index properties of rocks, Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 6(11): 4357-4362.
5
Behnamian, J., & Zandieh, M (2011) A discrete colonial competitive algorithm for hybrid flowshop scheduling to minimize earliness and quadratic tardiness penalties, Expert Systems with Applications, 38(12): 14490-14498.
6
Buyuksagis, I (2007) Effect of cutting mode on the sawability of granites using segmented circular diamond sawblade, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 183(2): 399-406.
7
Buyuksagis, I., & Goktan, R (2005) Investigation of marble machining performance using an instrumented block-cutter, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 169(2): 258-262.
8
Delgado, N. S., Rodríguez-Rey, A., del Río, L. S., Sarriá, I. D., Calleja, L., & de Argandona, V. R (2005) The influence of rock microhardness on the sawability of Pink Porrino granite (Spain), International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences, 42(1): 161-166.
9
Ersoy, A., & Atıcı, U (2004) Performance characteristics of circular diamond saws in cutting different types of rocks, Diamond and Related Materials, 13(1): 22-37.
10
Fener, M., Kahraman, S., & Ozder, M (2007) Performance prediction of circular diamond saws from mechanical rock properties in cutting carbonate rocks, Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering, 40(5): 505-517.
11
Jain, S., & Rathore, S (2009) Role of cut size area on the performance of diamond wire saw machine in quarrying of marble, International Journal of Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 23(2): 79-91.
12
Kahraman, S., Fener, M., & Gunaydin, O (2004) Predicting the sawability of carbonate rocks using multiple curvilinear regression analysis, International journal of rock mechanics and mining sciences, 41(7): 1123-1131.
13
Karakurt, I (2014) Application of Taguchi method for cutting force optimization in rock sawing by circular diamond sawblades, Sadhana, 39(5): 1055-1070.
14
Karakurt, I., Aydin, G., & Aydiner, K (2013) Predictive modelling of noise level generated during sawing of rocks by circular diamond sawblades, Sadhana, 38(3): 491-511
15
Konstanty, J (2002) Theoretical analysis of stone sawing with diamonds, Journal of Materials Processing Technology, 123(1): 146-154.
16
Lian, K., Zhang, C., Gao, L., & Li, X (2012) Integrated process planning and scheduling using an imperialist competitive algorithm, International Journal of Production Research, 50(15): 4326-4343.
17
Mikaeil, R., Haghshenas, S. S., Haghshenas, S. S., & Ataei, M (2016) Performance prediction of circular saw machine using imperialist competitive algorithm and fuzzy clustering technique, Neural Computing and Applications, 1-10.
18
Mokhtarian Asl, M., & Sattarvand, J (2016) An imperialist competitive algorithm for solving the production scheduling problem in open pit mine, Int. Journal of Mining & Geo-Engineering, 50(1):131-143.
19
Ozcelik, Y (1999) Investigation of the working conditions of diamond wire cutting machines in marble industry. PhD Thesis, Hacettepe University, Ankara.
20
Sadaei, H. J., Enayatifar, R., Lee, M. H., & Mahmud, M (2016) A hybrid model based on differential fuzzy logic relationships and imperialist competitive algorithm for stock market forecasting, Applied Soft Computing, 40: 132-149.
21
Sadegheslam, G., Mikaeil, R., Rooki, R., Ghadernejad, S., & Ataei, M (2013) Predicting the production rate of diamond wire saws using multiple nonlinear regression analysis, Geosystem Engineering, 16(4): 275-285.
22
Sharifi, M. A., & Mojallali, H (2015) A modified imperialist competitive algorithm for digital IIR filter design, Optik-International Journal for Light and Electron Optics, 126(21): 2979-2984.
23
Yılmaz, N. G., Goktan, R., & Kibici, Y (2011) An investigation of the petrographic and physico-mechanical properties of true granites influencing diamond tool wear performance, and development of a new wear index, Wear, 271(5): 960-969.
24
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determining of cohesion and internal friction angle of low-plasticity clays (CL) soils using SPT number and investigating the effect of lime on compressive strength of clay soil
In this study, geotechnical properties and the relationship between cohesion (C) and internal friction angle (ϕ) with SPT number is investigated in 120 boreholes in sedimentary basins of Kerman. Also, the effect of hydrated lime on petrography and mechanical properties of CL soil was investigated. The correlation between C and SPT (R2 =0.72) is stronger than that of ϕ and SPT (R2 =0.62) which shows the effect of C on the shear strength of fine-grained soils is higher than the effect of friction angle on the strength of these soils. Based on the results of the ANN model the correlation coefficients of ϕ and c with SPT are 0.84 and 0.90, respectively. Based on the R2 and RMSE, ANN showed higher accuracy than simple regression for prediction of ϕ and c parameters. It is proved that, the SPT could be used for estimating cohesion and friction angle of clays (CL) especially at the preliminary stage of projects with acceptable accuracy. To study the effect of lime on strength and compaction properties of clay soil, a set of samples were prepared by adding different contents of lime. Next, the standard Proctor test and uniaxial compressive strength test at the optimum moisture content were performed. SEM analysis showed substantial changes in the soil structure after the addition of additives. Also, an increase in the hydrated lime content results in a decrease in their maximum dry unit weight and increase in the optimum moisture content. Furthermore, it was found that an increase in hydrated lime content results in the increase of compressive strength and optimum moisture content. The maximum compressive strength is achieved at 7% hydrated lime.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3379_655d5caf6e84dc2f3aaba0683a91c319.pdf
2020-12-21
129
149
10.22084/nfag.2020.21230.1411
Standard penetration test
Geotechnical properties
Kerman Sedimentary Basin
lime additive
clay stabilization
P.
Babakhani
babakhani69@yahoo.com
1
گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، واحد ملارد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران
AUTHOR
E.
Rahimi
rahimie@du.ac.ir
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومزمین، دانشگاه دامغان، دامغان
AUTHOR
H.
Gharavi
gharavihoorman@gmail.com
3
گروه مهندسی عمران، واحد فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه علم و صنعت ایران، تهران
AUTHOR
M. R.
Motahari
mmotahari@araku.ac.ir
4
گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه اراک، اراک
AUTHOR
A.
Rastegarnia
ahmad.rastegarnia@mail.um.ac.ir
5
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد
LEAD_AUTHOR
رضوی، ش.، گشتاسبی گوهرریزی، ک.، آهـنگری، ک.، غفوریپور، ا (1389) تخمین چگالی خاکها به کمک شبکه عصبی مصنوعی، نشریه یافتههای نوین زمینشناسی کاربردی، دوره 4، شماره 7، ص 29-35.
1
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3
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5
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72
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Employing the fuzzy TOPSIS method to prioritize the rehabilitation of mines with according to natural and cultural factors (case study: Northeastern of Sarbisheh bentonite mine, south east of Birjand)
Mining restoration operations follow the goals including reduction of the hazards from mining operations, restoring affected lands and consumed water resources, reducing the impacts raised from mining operations, ensuring environmental resources conservation, stabilizing the socioeconomic environment of the area after mining activities, and creating new mining opportunities. This paper aims to provide an appropriate recommendation for the reconstruction of Sarbisheh bentonite mine considering natural and cultural criteria using fuzzy TOPSIS linguistic variables. The mine under study is located 50 km southeast of Birjand and 15 km northeast of Sarbisheh. Recently, different scenarios have been proposed for the refurbishment of the mining area among which are the forestry and wildlife, tourist attractions, agriculture, housing, educational, commercial and industrial establishments. Criteria like topography, slope, elevation, drainage, descents, rock coverage, agricultural and engineering are considered as natural criteria and location, accessibility, site size and shape, conditions of the mine, ownership, type, and intensity of use, behavior of indigenous peoples, regulatory constraints, and the way corporations use them are considered as the cultural criteria for evaluating mining reconstruction scenarios. This study aims at selecting the best mine reconstruction method by considering all effective criteria and comments from mining experts regarding the parameters’ weight and the performance of each parameter against each criterion and also with the purpose of environmental protection. Based on the fuzzy TOPSIS method and considering the natural and cultural criteria, first agriculture and then tourist attraction were suggested as the preferred alternatives for the reconstruction of this mine.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3381_8e04ba3f67da53ce90c36da697d68884.pdf
2020-12-21
150
160
10.22084/nfag.2020.19303.1376
Restoration of mines
prioritize
Natural criteria
cultural criteria
Fuzzy TOPSIS
M.
Hoseinabadi
mh_sedi_1355@yahoo.com
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد طبس، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
S. A.
Sadabadi
sadabadi1976@gmail.com
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد طبس، ایران
AUTHOR
عباسزاده شهری، ع.، گودرزی، م.، شیخانصاری، م (1385) بررسی امکان استفاده از کشاورزی در بازسازی معادن به عنوان عامل پالاینده محیطزیست. بیست و پنجمین گردهمایی علومزمین، سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
1
اسماعیلی، ر.، سالاری، ا (1392) بازسازی معادن جهت کاهش آلودگی زیستمحیطی و استفاده در راستای امور گردشگری. نهمین کنفرانس دانشجویی مهندسی معدن ایران، 6-8 آبان، دانشگاه بیرجند.
2
حاج کاظمیها، ن.، شریعت، م.، منوری، م.، عطایی، م (1393) اولویتدهی معیارهای بازسازی درخاتمه فعالیت معادن (مطالعه موردی معادن سنگآهن). فصلنامه محیطشناسی، دوره 40، ص 1023-1033.
3
حسینآبادی، م.، بنیاسدی، م (1396) مطالعه ترکیب شیمیایی و خصوصیات بنتونیت شمالشرقی سربیشه با هدف بررسی کاربرد صنعتی آن. نهمین همایش ملی انجمن زمینشناسی اقتصادی ایران، دانشگاه بیرجند.
4
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5
نخعی، م.، محمدی، س.، رسا، ا. و سمیعی، س (1398) بررسی کانیشناسی، زمینشیمی و رفتار عناصر در فرآیند تشکیل بنتونیتهای منطقه سربیشه (خراسان جنوبی، شرق ایران). مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی، شماره اول، دوره 27، ص 207-220.
6
اصانلو، م (1380) بازسازی در معادن، مرکز نشر دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، چاپ اول، 228 ص.
7
عطایی، م (1389) تصمیمگیری چند معیاره، انتشارات دانشگاه صنعتی شاهرود، چاپ اول، 333 ص.
8
حسینآبادی، م.، آریافر، ا (1392) انتخاب گزینه مناسب برای بازسازی معادن با توجه به عوامل طبیعی با استفاده از روش شباهت به گزینه ایدهآل. سی و دومین گردهمایی و نخستین کنگره بینالمللی تخصصی علومزمین، 27-30 بهمن، سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
9
حسینآبادی، م.، سعدآبادی، س. ع (1397) کاربرد روش TOPSIS فازی در انتخاب گزینه مناسب برای بازسازی معادن با توجه به عوامل طبیعی. دهمین همایش ملی انجمن زمینشناسی اقتصادی ایران، دانشگاه اصفهان، ص 398-391.
10
Mchanina (2001) Environmental planning considerations for the decommissioning, closure and reclamation of a mine site. International Journal of Surface Mining, Reclamation and Environment, 15: 163-176.
11
Cao, X (2007) Regulating mine land reclamation in developing countries: The case of China. Land Use Policy, 24: 472–483.
12
Wang, S., Liu, C., Zhang, H (2011) Suitability evaluation for land reclamation in mining area: A case study of Gaoqiao bauxite mine. Transactions of Nonferrous Metals Society of China, 21: 506–515.
13
Safari, M., Kakaei, R., Ataei, M (2012) Using fuzzy TOPSIS method for mineral processing plant site selection. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 5: 1011-1019.
14
Zadeh, L. A (1965) Fuzzy sets. Information and Control, 8: 338–353.
15
Sadabadi, S. A., Hadi-Vencheh A., Jamshidi A., Jalali, M (2020) A new index for TOPSIS based on relative distance to best and worst points. International Journal Information Technology & Decision Making, 19 (3): 695-719.
16
Chen, C. T (2000) Extensions of the TOPSIS for group decision-making under fuzzy environment. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 114: 1–9.
17
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Occurrence of Halotrichite in Bidakhvaid felspar-bearing alluvium, SW of Shirkuh batholith, Yazd
The Bidakhavid mine is located on the western margin of the Shirkouh Batholith in the Central Iran and as a part of Urumieh-Dokhtar magmatic belt. This mine is the result of alteration of quaternary alluvial deposits. The main unit of the Bidakhavid mine is the iron oxide cement-semi-hardened alluvial-abrasive sediments with main minerals, including quartz, biotite, K- feldspar, altered plagioclase and clay minerals. Significant geological aspects are the emission of sulfur gases and the deposition of natural sulfur in surface of Quaternary alluvial deposits. The presence of efflorsence minerals such as halotrichite, confirm a fumarole region and the release of volcanic sulfid gases associated with young volcanism in the Dehshir fault zone. Iron sulfate efflorsence minerals are produced by pyrite oxidation and the formation of acidic environments on the surface of the groundwater table. The occurrence of this highly acidic environment has led to the occurrence of alteration minerals such as pyrite, sericite, rectorite, illite and jarosite.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_3406_0b97d75af5c45053b8f52df4db76f40e.pdf
2020-12-21
161
174
10.22084/nfag.2020.20362.1412
Halotrichite
Shirkuh
Bidakhavid
Yazd
Central Iran
S.
Jadidi Ardekani
jadidi.saeede.a@gmail.com
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان
AUTHOR
M. A.
Mackizadeh
mackizadeh44@gmail.com
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گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علومپایه، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان
LEAD_AUTHOR
Farimah
Ayati
f_aiaty@yahoo.com
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گروه زمین شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران
AUTHOR
آقانباتی، ع (1383) زمینشناسی ایران، انتشارات سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی، 586 ص.
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پارساپور، ا.، خلیلی، م.، نقرهئیان، م. و مکیزاده، م. ع (1383) مطالعة سنگشناسی و ژئوشیمی ژاروسیت در رنگان (جنوبغرب اردستان). مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، شماره 2، سال دوازدهم، ص 214-203.
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تقیپور، ب و مکیزاده، م. ع (1390) سنگ زایش اسکارن مرتبط با توده نفوذی مس پورفیری علیآباد- دره زرشک، یزد. مجله زمینشناسی اقتصادی، شماره 2، ص110-97.
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تقیپور، ب، اعتمادی، ب.، مکیزاده، م. ح و مهدوی، ا (1392) زمینشیمی و خاستگاه خاک صنعتی کانسار فلدسپار بیداخوید (زون گسلی دهشیر) با استفاده از دادههای عناصر کمیاب و ایزوتوپهای پایدار. مجله ژئوشیمی، شماره 3، دوره 1، ص 237-227.
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جدیدی اردکانی، س (1396) مطالعات کانیشناسی مرمر، اسکارن و آلتراسیون هیدروترمال در باتولیت شیرکوه، جنوبغرب یزد. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه اصفهان، 106ص.
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حاج مولاعلی و علوینایینی (1371) نقشه زمینشناسی 100000/1 خضرآباد، انتشارات سازمان زمین شناسی و اکتشافات معدنی، تهران.
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ذبیحی، ر.، ابراهیمی، خ. و زرینکوب، م. ح (1390) بررسیهای کانیشناسی و ژئوشیمیایی نهشتهی کانی خاک رس کائولینیتی شدهی شیخآباد (جنوبغربی بیرجند) با نگرشی بر کاربردهای صنعتی آن. مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، شمار 1، سال نوزدهم، ص 112-103.
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ﺳﺒﺰﻩﺋﻲ، ﻡ.، ﺭﻭﺷﻦﺭﻭﺍﻥ، ﺝ.، ﻧﺎﻇﻢﺯﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻌﺎﻋﻲ، ﻡ. و ﻋﻼﺋﻲ. ﻣﻬﺎﺑﺎﺩﻱ، س (1365) ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵ ﺍﻛﺘﺸﺎﻓﺎﺕ ﻓﻠﺪﺳﭙﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻛﺎﺋﻮﻟﻦ ﺩﺭ منطقه یزد. سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی.
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شیبی، م. و اسماعیلی، د (1391) شیمی برخی کانیهای موجود در باتولیت گرانیتی شیرکوه، جنوبغرب یزد. مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، شماره 20، سال سوم، ص 414-403.
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قربانی، م (1387) زمینشناسی اقتصادی کانسارها و نشانههای معدنی ایران. انتشارات آرین زمین، 672 ص.
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عمیدی، س. م (1983) نقشه زمینشناسی آباده، مقیاس 250000/1. سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
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کریمپور، ح. و ابراهیمی، خ (1378) کانیشناسی، ترکیب شیمیایی و مصارف صنعتی فلدسپاتهای مشهد و مقایسه آنها با دیگر فلدسپاتهای ایران. مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، شماره 1، سال هفتم، ص 14-3.
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