ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
The study of hydrogeochemical and assessment of water quality of Shavour River, Shush, Khuzestan province
Surface waters usually" because of contact with different geological formations, relationship with groundwater and surface water resources are associated with highly variable chemical composition. threaten the risk of contamination of water resources. The Shavour River with a long of 90 km in the North West province of Khuzestan is located between the two Karkheh and Dez River's. In this study, understanding of water quality of Shavour River based on different parameters of food, agriculture, as well as its environmental impacts are considered. The case study based on available data on the two water year 90-92 on Shavour Bridge station using graphical methods such as Piper diagrams, Scholler, Wilcox comparing with international standards for water quality analysis was conducted. The results showed that, according to the Wilcox diagram of the river's water is of C3S1class and is pretty good for consumption and agriculture. The Scholler diagram showed that all of the river's water cations and anions are fairly good and the ranges are good and drinking. The Piper diagram of water quality indicated calcium bicarbonate type of water.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2103_55148be6e719ce07e5950b5136391589.pdf
2017-12-22
1
10
10.22084/nfag.2017.2103
hydrogeochemical
environmental geology
Shavour River
Mohammad
Maanijou
maanijou@yahoo.com
1
Bu-Ali Sina University
LEAD_AUTHOR
F.
Baroni Najaf Abad
fbarooni@ymail.com
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا، همدان
AUTHOR
S.
Khodabakhsh
skhodabakhsh@yahoo.com
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا، همدان
AUTHOR
S.
Rahmani
4
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه بوعلیسینا، همدان
AUTHOR
[1] اسلامیان، س.، سلطانی، س.، زارعی، ع (1384) کاربرد روشهای آماری در علوم زیست محیطی، انتشارات ارکان، چاپ اول، 408ص.
1
[2] رحمانی، ع.ر.، صمدی، م.ت.، و حیدری، م (1387) ارزیابی کیفیت آب رودخانههای جاری در دشت همدان- بهار برای آبیاری بر مبنای دیاگرام ویلکاکس، پژوهش کشاورزی: آب، خاک و گیاه در کشاورزی، جلد هشتم، شماره اول (ب)، ص 35-27.
2
[3] رهنما، ص.، خالداین، م.ر.، شاهنظری، ع.، فرقانی، ا.، رضایی، م (1390) پهنهبندی آلودگی فلزات سنگین آبهای زیرزمینی گیلان مرکزی، کنفرانس ملی پژوهشهای کاربردی منابع آب ایران، زنجان. ص 1-8.
3
[4] صداقت، م (1378) زمین و منابع آب (آبهای زیرزمینی)، انتشارات دانشگاه پیام نور، ص300.
4
[5] عباسپور، م (1371) "مهندسی محیط زیست"، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی،ص 1107.
5
[6] عبدالخانی، ر (1391) تعیین نقش گیاهان و رسوبات در پالایش و تجمع فلزات (کادمیوم، سرب، روی، نیکل) در رودخانه شاوور- مطالعه موردی استفاده از گیاه لویی (tyhpalatifolia)، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه علوم تحقیقات خوزستان، دانشکده محیط زیست.
6
[7] کریمی، م.، قاسمپور شیرازی، س.م.ر (1391) توزیع ژئوشیمیایی و میزان آلودگی فلزات سنگین (سرب، روی، نیکل، کروم و آرسنیک) در رسوبات رودخانهی کر (جنوب مرودشت). فصلنامه زمینشناسی کاربردی، سال 8، شماره 2: ص 145-133.
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[8] مقیمی، ه (1384) هیدروژئوشیمی، انتشارات دانشگاه پیام نور، ص 213.
8
[9] موسسه استاندارد و تحقیقات صنعتی ایران (1388) استاندارد 1053، ویژگیهای فیزیکی و شیمیایی آب آشامیدنی، تجدید نظر پنجم
9
[10] ناصری، ح.ر.، صفارزاده، ع (1382) ارزیابی عوامل آلاینده آب زیرزمـینی دشـت شوش با استـفاده از نقشههای هم ارزش و تحلیل عاملی، بیست و دومین گردهمائی علوم زمین، تهران.
10
[11] وزارت نیرو (1388) دستورالعمل پایش کیفیت آبهای سطحی (جاری). معاونت برنامهریزی و نظارت راهبردی رییس جمهور. نشریه شماره 522. 222ص.
11
[12]Ayers R.S. and Westcot D.W (1976) Water quality for agriculture. FAO Irrigation and Drainage Paper 29, FAO, Rome. 97 p.
12
[13]Ebrahimpour, M. and Mushrifah, I (2008) Heavy metal concentrations in water and sediments in TasikChini, a freshwater lake, Malaysia.Springer. Environ. Monit. Assess. 141,pp: 297-307.
13
[14]EU (1998) Council Directive 98/83/EC on the quality of water intented for human consumption.Adopted by the Council, on 3 November 1998.
14
[15]Hem, J.D (1989) Study and Interpretation of the Chemical Characteristics of Natural Water, U.S.,GeologicalSurvey, Water-Supply, 264p.
15
[16]Laws, E.A (2000) Aquatic pollution, 3rd ed., John Wiley, 320p.
16
[17]Majnunian, H (1998) River conservation, biophysical attribution, habitat values and extraction rules.Proceeding of the1st congress of environmental protection organization. Pp: 15-19. Tehran, Iran.
17
[18]Miller, W.W., Guitjens, J.C., and Mahannah, C.N (1984) Water quality of irrigation and surface teturnflowsfrom flood-irrigated pasture and alfalfa hay.J. Environ. Qual. 13:pp 543-548
18
[19]Ming-Ho Yu (2005) Environmental toxicology, Biological and Health Effects for Pollutants.Second Edition. CRC Press LLC. 339p.
19
[20]ÓB perry, J.T., Setudehnia, A (1967) DEZFUL Geological Compilation Map 1: 100, 000.Iranian Oil.Operating Companies, Tehran.
20
[21]Office of standards and Technical criteria (2007) Surface water quality monitoring instruction, Bulletin No.522.
21
[22]Ouyang, Y., Nkedi-Kizza, P., wu, Q.T., Shinde, D., Huang, C.H (2006) Assessment of seasonalvariations in surface water quality. Water Research, 40(20),pp: 3800-3810.
22
[23]Piper A.M (1944) A graphic procedure in the geochemical interpretation of water analysis.Trans.American Geophysical Union 25 (6), 914-928p.
23
[24]Selinus, O., Alloway, B., Centeno, J.A., Fuge, R., and Smedley, P (2005) Essentials of MedicalGeology, Impacts of the natural environment on public health", PREFACE. Elsevier AcademicPress, pp: IX-XI.
24
[25]Shoeller, H (1967) Qualitativeevalution of groundwater resource, Methods and techniques ofgroundwater investigation and development, water Research, Series – 33, UNESCO, pp 44-52.
25
[26]Todd,D.K. and Mays., L.W (2005) Groundwater Hydrology, John Wiley and Sons, New York,535p.
26
[27]USEPA (2007) Drinking water standards and health advisories table.30p.
27
[28]WHO (2008) Guidelines for Drinking-water quality, Third ed., Incorporating the first and secondaddenda Volume 1: Recommendations, Geneva. 668p.
28
[29]Wilcox, LV (1955) Classification and use of irrigation water, US Department of Agriculture.Circ. NO.696, Washington, DC. 21P.
29
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sedimentary basin analysis of Permo-Triassic sequence with a view to microfaciesesin the Shurjestan region at Fars province
In this study, based on nearly 170 limestone and clastic samples from 5 stratigraphic sections at Shurjestan area in the northern part of the Fars province, Abade, Hambast, formations and deposits Equivalent of Elika Formation have been studied.In selective stratigraphic sections overall thickness of Abade Formation is 25 -312 m, Hambast Formation is 23 – 32m, and thickness of Elika Formation in average is 29 m.Microfacies study of Shurjestan area shows that these formation sediments have been deposited in a carbonate ramp that incloud Tidal flat, lagoon, shoal and open marine In the studied stratigraphic sections lack of reef facies and microfacieses affiliate like roadstone floatstone, show this ramp is a homoclinal ramp.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2104_b5883bd33234a49897ffc4578f27b8f4.pdf
2017-12-22
11
18
10.22084/nfag.2017.2104
microfacies
sedimentary environment
Permo-Triassic
Shurjestan
M.
Yousefi Rad
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک
LEAD_AUTHOR
H.
Noroozpour
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه پیامنور، تهران
AUTHOR
[1] باغبانی، د (1369) بیواستراتیگرافی رسوبات پرمین حوضه زاگرس. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، 145ص.
1
[2] باغبانی، د (1372) بیوستراتیگرافی فرامینیفرهای رسوبات پرمین حوضه زاگرس، جنوبغربی ایران. گزارش شماره 1796، مدیریت اکتشاف شرکت ملی نفت ایران، جلد 1و2.
2
[3] پرتو آذر، ح (1374) سیستم پرمین در ایران. سازمان زمینشناسی کشور، طرح تدوین کتاب، شماره 22، 340 صفحه.
3
[4] Dunham, R. J (1962) Classification of Carbonate Rocks according texture . In: W. E Ham (ed.), A symposium: Am., Assoc. petroleum Geologists Mem, 1, pp.108-121.
4
[5] Elliot, G.F (1991) Dasycladalean Algae of Palaeozoic and Mesozoic. In: Riding, R., 1991. Calcareous Algae and Stromatolites, Springer-Verlag, New York, pp. 125-130.
5
[6] Embry, A.F. & Clovan, E.J (1973) A late Devonian reef tract on northeastern Banks Island, Northwest Territories. Bull. of Canadian Petroleum Geology, V. 19, pp. 730-781.
6
[7] Flugel, E (2010) Microfacies of Carbonate Rocks: analysis, interpretation and application. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg, New York, 984 p.
7
[8] Lasemi, Y (1995) Platform carbonates of the Upper Jurassic Mozduran Formation in the Koept Dagh Basin, NE Iran- facies, Paleoenvironments and sequences. Journal of Sedimentary Geology 99, pp. 151-164.
8
[9] Miall, A (2000) Principles of sedimentary basin analysis. 3rd edition. Springer-Verlag, New York, P. 668.
9
[10]Sarg, J.F (2001) The sequence stratigraphy, Sedimentology and economic important of evaporate-carbonate transitions: a review. Sedimentary Geology, 140: 9-42.
10
[11]Taraz, H (1969) Permo-Triassic section in central Iran. Am. Assoc. Pet. Geol. Bull.53, pp. 688-693.
11
[12]Taraz, H (1974) Geology of the surmaq-Deh Bid Area, Abadeh Region, Central Iran. Report. Geol. Surv. Iran. V. 37, pp. 1-148.
12
[13]Teichert, C., Kummel, B. & Sweet, W (1973) Permian–Triassic strata, kuh-e-Ali Bashi, northwestern Iran. Bull. Mus. Com. Zool., 145 (8), pp. 359 – 472.
13
[14]Wilson, J. L (1975) Carbonate facies in Geologic History. Springer- Verlag, New York, P. 471.
14
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Influence of litological aspects on the strength and durability of volcanic rocks
in Urmia Lake Causway
For protection of Urmia lake causeway embankment, were used Zanbil and Eslami mountains rocks. Study of these protecting rocks in point of view weathering and demolition are important. The Urmia lake water is very saline and penetrating saline water to rocks texture and salt crystallization is the one of main reasons for rocks weathering and demolition. In this paper the influence of litological aspects on the strength and durability of volcanic rocks in Urmia Lake Causeway based on field studies and sampling and pertographical studies and some physical and mechanical tests was considered. Rocks of west side of the causeway were obtained from Zanbi Mountain and the rocks of east side of the cause way were obtained from Islamic island. The most of used rocks are consisted of trachyte, andesite, basalt, tephrite, agglomerate and latite. The Islamic island rocks, except andesite, experienced more weathering. Texture properties like particle size and weathering type has more effect on strength and durability on used rocks. Increasing of particle size is causing decrease of strength and durability. The rocks of eastern side of the causeway due to porphyry texture and the occurrence chemical weathering before using in causeway, with high porosity and high water absorption is severe and deeper than weathering of western part rocks. Also the existence of clay minerals that was produced from weathering is caused low density in the Islamic island rocks.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2105_497b105a1794946ef4e88a534681b2f6.pdf
2017-12-22
19
31
10.22084/nfag.2017.2105
Urmia Lake Causeway
Petrography properties
Armour
Slake durability
Weatherin
Ebrahim
Asghari-Kaljahi
e-asghari@tabrizu.ac.ir
1
University of Tabriz
LEAD_AUTHOR
Somayeh
Shokri-Zeinab
s.shokri1990@gmail.com
2
University of Tabriz
AUTHOR
Ahmad
Jahangiri
a-jahangiri@tabrizu.ac.ir
3
University of Tabriz
AUTHOR
[1] سلطانی سیسی، غ (1384) نقشه زمینشناسی ارومیه، مقیاس 1:100000، سازمان زمینشناسی کشور، شماره 5065
1
[2] شکریزیناب، س.، اصغریکلجاهی، ا. و جهانگیری، ا (1393) سنگشناسی و هوازدگی سنگهای میانگذر دریاچه ارومیه در اثر آب شور، سی و سومین گردهمایی علوم زمین، سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی، تهران.
2
[3] مجرد، م (1393) پترولوژی و ژئوشیمی سنگهای آتشفشانی بزوداغی (ارومیه)، آذربایجان غربی، مجله یافتههای نوین زمینشناسی کاربردی، جلد 16، شماره پاییز و زمستان 1393
3
[4] Asghari-Kaljahi E., Amini, F. and Hajialilu, M (2014) Influence of Geological Structures and Weathering in Formation and Destruction of Cone-Shaped Rocky Houses of the Kandovan Village, Iran; IAEG XII Congress, Vol. 8, Torino, Italy, DOI 10.1007/978-3-319-09408-3_38
4
[5] ASTM D4644 )2004( Standard test method for slake Durability of shales and similar weak rocks. Annual book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04 (08).
5
[6] ASTM D5873 (2015) Standard test method for determination of rock hardness by Rebound Hammer Method, Annual book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 05 (08).
6
[7] Bradley, R.S. and Jones, P.D (1992) Records of explosive volcanic eruptions over the last 500 years. In: Climate since A.D. 1500, (eds. R.S. Bradley and P.D. Jones) Routledge, London, pp 606-622.
7
[8] Çelik, M. Y. and Ergül, A (2015) The influence of the water saturation on the strength of volcanic tuffs used as building stones, Environmental Earth Sciences, 74(4), 3223-3239.
8
[9] Ersoy, A., Waller, M. D (1995) Textural characterisation of rocks, Engineering Geology, 39, pp. 123-136.
9
[10]Fookes P. G., Gourley C. S., Ihikere C (1982) Rock Weathering in engineering time, Quarterly, Journal of Engineering Geology, Vol. 21, 33-57.
10
[11]ISRM (International Society for Rock Mechanics) (2007) The complete ISRM suggested methods for rock characterization, testing and monitoring, In: Ulusay, R., Hudson, J.A. (Eds.), Suggested Methods Prepared by the Commission on Testing Methods. International Society for Rock Mechanics (ISRM), Ankara, Turkey.
11
[12]Koca, M. Y. and Kıncal, C (2016) The relationships between the rock material properties and weathering grades of andesitic rocks around İzmir, Turkey, Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment, 75(2), 709-734.
12
[13]Willard, R.J. and McWilliams, J.R (1969) Microstructural techniques in the study of physical properties of rocks, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science, Vol. 6. pp 1–10.
13
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of Facies, Sedimentary Paleoenvironment and Biostratigraphy of Guri Member (Mishan Formation) in SE of Jahrum, Zagros
The studied section (Guri Member) is located at Mansour-Abad area, SE of Jahrum. This section, with a thickness of 175 m, consists of cream, thin to medium bedded limestone and gray marl. The lower boundary with green marls and red silts of Razak Formation is conform and the upper boundary changes gradually to Mishan Formation. The thin sections and washed samples studies lead to recognition of 40 genus and 21 species of foraminifers. Based on the association of index species such as Operculina complanata, Neorotalia vennotti and Miogypsinoides dehaariti an assemblage biozone number 1 was recognized Operculina-Nephrolepidina-Miogypsina assemblage zone. which is the compareable with biozone- 64 of Wynd. The red alga Lithophyllum sp. was also recognized. Based on the foraminiferas, the age of Guri Member in the studied section was determined as Aquitanian- Burdigalian. Based on Facies and sedimentary environment, 13 micofacies were recognized which have been deposited in three environments- outer, mid, and inner ramps, and can be referred to restricted marine, shoal, lagoon and tidal flat. Therefore, the sedimentary environment of Guri Member is a carbonate platform of a homoclinal ramp which begins from the coast, then crosses a bioclastic barrier and ends in semi-deep marine environment.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2106_96e73a82e46e3ae647ce0062b4728316.pdf
2017-12-22
32
48
10.22084/nfag.2017.10287.1195
Guri Member
Mishan Formation
Stratigraphy
Benthic Foraminifers
Jahrum
shahrbanoo
rasaei
rasaei294@yahoo.com
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران
LEAD_AUTHOR
mahnaz
parvaveh nejad shirazi
mahnaz402002@yahoo.com
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران
AUTHOR
mohammad
bahrami
mbahrami1329@yahoo.com
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 3697-19395، تهران، ایران
AUTHOR
[1] آزادیجو، ا (1384) مطالعه میکروبایواستراتیگرافی سازند میشان در جنوبغرب دهدشت، پایاننامه کارشناسی ارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال.
1
[2] امیریبختیار، ح (1392) بازنگری چینهشناسی زاگرس: سازند آغاجاری – میشان، شرکت ملی نفتخیز جنوب، ماهنامه اکتشاف و تولید نفت و گاز شماره 110،ص 39-43.
2
[3] دانشیان، ج (1391) زیستچینهنگاری نهشتههای الیگوسن و میوسن زیرین (سازندهای پابده، آسماری، گچساران و میشان) بر اساس روزنبران در جنوبغربی جهرم، در فارس داخلی.
3
[4] دانشیان، ج.، زوارهای، الف.، همایونزاه، س.، قلاوند، ه (1387) لیتواستراتیگرافی سازند میشان در بخش مرکزی فروافتادگی دزفول، جنوبشرق رامهرمز، مجله علمی پژوهشی علوم پایه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، شماره 69.
4
[5] زنگنه، م (1390) بررسی ریزرخسارهها و محیط رسوبی سازند میشان در غرب و جنوب غربی شهرستان قیر (استان فارس)، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه آزاد شاهرود.
5
[6] زراسوندی (1393) بررسی خصوصیات فنی و صنعتی مارنهای سازند میشان در شمال اهواز بر تولید آجر سبک، نشریه علمی_پژوهشی "مهندسی معدن"، دوره نهم، شماره22،ص 37 تا51.
6
[7] صادقی، ر (1383) سنگ چینهنگاری و زیست چینهنگاری سازند میشان در منطقه کازرون (کنارتخته) براساس ماکروفسیل، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشکده علوم دانشگاه اصفهان.
7
[8] ظفرزاده، ن (1390) بررسی رخسارهها و محیط رسوبی بخشگوری از سازند میشان، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال.
8
[9] فشکی، ع. ا (1382) ویژگیهای زیستچینهای سازند میشان در منطقه گچساران بر مبنای نانوفسیلهای آهکی، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشکده علوم دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران.
9
[10] کلانتری، 1 (1371) سنگچینهنگاری و رخسارهای میکروسکوپی زاگرس: انتشارات شرکت ملی نفت، 421 ص.
10
[11] لاسمی، ی (1379) رخـسارهها، مـحیط رسوبی و چینهنگاری سکانسی نهشته سنگهای پرکامبرین بالایی و پالئوزوئیک ایران، انتشارات سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور،180 ص.
11
[12] لاسمی، ی، رستگار لاری، ع (1385) محیط رسوبی و چینهنگاری توالی سازند میشان (نهشتههای حوضه رسوبی جلوی کمربند چینخورده) در منطقه باختر فارس و خاور شرقی، انتشارات علوم زمین، ص 68 تا77.
12
[13] موحد، ب (1372) رسوبشناسی و پتروگرافی سازند میشان در شمال بندرعباس، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال.
13
[14] مطیعی، ه (1372) زمینشناسی ایران، چینهشناسی زاگرس، انتشارات سازمان زمینشناسی کشور.
14
[15] ماجدی، ر (1370) مطالعه روزنبران و چینهشناسی زیستی آنها و میکروفاسیس بخش گوری سازند میشان در ناحیه بندرعباس، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران شمال.
15
[16] نورمحمدی، ز (1391) چینهنگاری و رخساره زیستی سازند جهرم در برش تیپ، جنوبشرق شیراز، انتشار مجله دانشگاه شهید چمران اهواز.
16
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[19]Adams, T.D., & Bourgeois, F ( 1967) Asmari biostratigraphy. Iranian Oil Operating Companies, Geologicaand Exploration Division, Unpublished Report 1074: 1–37l.
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[21]Alsharhan A.S., Kendall C.G.ST.C (2003) Holocene coastal carbonates and evaporites of the southern Arabian Gulf and their ancient analogues: Earth Science Review. 61: 191-24.
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[22]Brasier, M.D (1980) Microfossil transport in the tidal Humber basin. In Neale, J.W. & Brasier, M.D. (eds) 'Microfossils from Recent and Fossil Shelf Seas'. British Micropalaeontological Society, Ellis Horwood/Wiley, Chichester, 314-22. (V).
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[23]Burchette, T. P.,and Wright, V.P (1992) Carbonate ramp depositional systems, Sedimentary Geology. No.79, p. 3-57.
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[24]Brandano M., Corda L (2002) Nutrients, sea level and tectonics: Constrains for the facies architecture of a Miocene carbonate ramp in central Italy. Terra Nova. 14:257–262.
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[25]Carozzi, A.V (1989) Carbonate rock depositional model, Prentice Hall, New jersey, 604p.
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[26]Corda L., Brandano M (2003) Aphotic zone carbonate production on a Miocene ramp Central Apennines Italy: Sedimentary Geology. 61: 55-70.
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[27]Cosovic, V., & Drobne, K (2004) Paleoenvironmental model for Eocene foraminiferal Limestone of the Adriatic carbonate platform. Facies, 50: 61-75.
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[28]Dunham, R.J (1962) Classification of carbonate rocks according to depositional texture. In: Ham(ed) classification of carbonate Rocks, A symposium American Association of Petroleum Geological Memoir, No.1,p.108-1.
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[31]Geel, M, T (2000) Recognition of stratigraphic sequences in carbonate platform and slop deposits, empirical model based on microfacies analysis of paleogene deposits in south eastern Spain , Paleogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Paleoecol., Vol.155(3): 211-238.
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[32]Hottinger, L (1973) Selected Paleogene larger foraminifera, In: A. Hallam (Eds.), Atlas of Paleobiogeography: Elsevier, Amsterdam, p. 443-452.
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[33]Hottinger L (2007) Revision of the foraminiferal genus Globoreticulina RAHAGI 5978. and of its associated founa of larger foraminifera from the late Middle Eocene of Iran. Carnets de Geologie / Notebooks on Geology Brest, Article 2007/06 (CG2007-A06). 51.
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[34]Hottinger, L (1997) Shallow benthic foraminiferal assembelages as signals for depth of their deposition and their limitation. Bulletin de la Societé Géologique de France, 168 (4): 491-505.
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[36]Loeblich A.R., Tappan H (1988) Foraminiferal genera and their classification. Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York. 970.
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[37]Mohammadi, E., Safari, A., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Vaziri, M.R., & Ghaedi, M (2011) Microfacies analysis and paleoenvironmental interpretation of the Qom Formation, south of the Kashan, Central Iran Carbonates and Evaporites, 26: 255–271.
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[38]Pomar, L (2001) Type of carbonate platforms: a genetic approach. Basin Research.
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[39]Pilgrim,G. E (1908) The geology of the Persian Gulf and the adjoining portion of Persia and Arabia:Mem.Geol.Survey of India memoir, vol.24,pt.4,pp.1-177.
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[41]Romero, J., Caus, E. and Rossel, J (2002) A model for the paleoenvironmental distribution of larger foraminifera based on Late - Middle Eocene deposits on the margin of the south Pyrenean basin. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 179, 43-56.
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[42]Renema, W (2006) Large benthic foraminifera from the deep photic zone of a mixed siliciclastic carbonate shelf off East Kalimantan, Indonesia. Marine Micropaleontology, 58, 73-82.
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[43]Reiss Z., Hottinger L (1984) The Gulf of Aqaba: Ecological Micropaleontology. Berlin: Springer. 354pp.
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[44]Sinclair, H.D., Sayer, Z,R.and Tucker, M.E (1998) Carbonate sedimentation during eariy foreland basin subsidence: The Eocene succession of the French ALPS. In: Wright V.P.& Burchette T.P.(eds), Carbonate ramps. Special Publication Geological Society of America, V.149,p.205-227.
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[45]Tucker, M.E., and Wright, V.P (1990) Carbonate sedimentology. Black Well Soientific, Oxford,482 pp.
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[46]Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Kimiagari, M., & Taheri, A (2006) Depositinal enviornmenr and sequence stratigraphy of the Oligocene-Miocene Asmari Formation in sw Iran. Facies, 52: 41- 51.
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[47]Wynd, J. G (1965) Biofacies Of The Iranian Consortium Agreement Area. Unpublished Report 1082. Iranian Oil Operating Companies, Tehran.
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[48]Wilson,J.L (1975) Carbonate Facies in Geologic History, Springer-Verlag Berlin. Heidelberg, Printed in the United States of America, 411 p.
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[49]Warren W.J (2000) Dolomite: Occurrence, evolution and economically important association: Earth Science Review. 52: 1-18.
49
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Microbiostratigraphy of Gurpi Formation at Zangol Anticline and comparison with the Kohe Siya section, Assaluyeh section and Ivan well
In order to determine the accurate microbiostratigraphy and bathymetery conditions of the Gurpi Formation, one stratigraphic section was studied at the Zangol anticline (SW of Khorramabad). On the basis of the recognized foraminifera, the age of the Gurpi Formation in the studied section is assigned to the Late Santonian to Middle – Late Maastrichtian In this study 35 species belonging to 15 genera of Planktonic foraminifera were idientified that result in determination of 8 biozone were reported as follows: Dicarinella asymetrica Zone, Globotruncanita elevata Zone, Globotruncana ventricosa Zone, Radotruncana calcarata Zone, Globotruncanella havanensis Zone, Globotruncana aegyptica Zone, Gansserina gansseri Zone, Contusotruncana contusa Zone. Study of the morphotype groups of Planktonic foraminifera represents an increase in depth marine condition for deposition of the Gurpi Formation less than 50 meters to more than 100 meters at the study area.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2107_7cc739f022956b0fde889f99ee1646f8.pdf
2017-12-22
49
64
10.22084/nfag.2017.12871.1239
Gurpi Formation
Biostratigraphy
Zangol anticline
Planktonic foraminifera
Masstrichtian
I.
Maghfouri Moghaddam
irajmmms@yahoo.co.uk
1
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
AUTHOR
G.
Darabi
ghamarnazdarabi@gmail.com
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
LEAD_AUTHOR
Z.
Solghi
earth9168@gmail.com
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه لرستان، خرمآباد
AUTHOR
[1] دارابی˓ ق (1390) لیتوستراتیگرافی و بایوستراتیگرافی سازند گورپی در میدان نفتی مارون˓ رساله کارشناسی ارشد چینهشناسی و فسیلشناسی˓ دانشگاه شهید بهشتی˓ 111 ص.
1
[2] دانـشیان، ج.، فضلی˓ل.˓ باغبانی˓ د (1389) زیست چینهنگاری روزنبران رسوبات سازندهای گورپی و تاربور در شـمال خـاوری جهرم، پژوهـشهای چیـنهنگاری و رسوبشناسی، شماره 38، 102 ـ89 ص.
2
[3] حسینیفلاح˓ ب (1385) لیتوستراتیگرافی و نانوستراتیگرافی سازند گورپی در برش تاقدیس کوه منگشت و برش تاقدیس کمنستان (منطقه ایذه)˓ رساله کارشناسیارشد چینهشناسی و فسیلشناسی˓ دانشگاه شهید بهشتی˓194 ص.
3
[4] کاملی˓ ا (1383) زیستچینهنگاری سازند گورپی در ناحیه لالی(خوزستان)˓ رساله کارشناسیارشد˓ دانشگاه اصفهان˓ 126 ص.
4
[5] گروئی˓ ز (1384) چینهشناسی بخش آهکی منصوری در سازند گورپی و تعیین وابستگی این بخش به یکی از سازندهای تاربور یا طیارات˓ رساله کارشنـاسیارشـد چینهشناسی و فسیلشناسی˓ دانشگاه تبریز ˓113 ص.
5
[6] مهدویان راد˓ا (1388) لیتوستراتیگرافی و بایوستراتیگرافی سازند گورپی در تاقدیس کمنستان (شمالغرب ایده) و مقایسه آن با مقطع تیپ (در شمال لالی)˓ رساله کارشناسیارشد˓ دانشگاه شهید بهشتی˓ 157 ص.
6
[7] همتی نسب˓ م.˓ قاسمینژاد˓ا.˓ درویشزاده˓ ب (1387) تعیین عمق دیرینهی سازند گورپی بر مبنای فرامینیفرهای پلانکتونیک و بنتیک˓ مجله علوم دانشگاه تهران˓ 34(1)˓ 173- 157ص.
7
[8] Alavi, M (2004) Regional stratigraphy of the Zagros Fold – Thrust belt of Iran and its Proforeland evolution, American Journal of science, V. 304, 1-20 p.
8
[9] B´e, A. W. H (1977) An ecological, zoogeographic and taxonomic review of Recent Planktonic foraminifera. In: Ramsey, A. T. S., Ed., Oceanic micropaleontology, 1;1-100. London: Academic Press.
9
[10]Caron, M (1985) Cretaceous planktonic foraminifera; I: Bolli, H. M., Saunders, J. B., Perch Nielsen, K.(Editors). Plankton Stratigraphy; Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 86.
10
[11]Fereydoonpour, M., Vaziri-Moghaddam, H., Taheri, A (2014) Biostratigraphy and Sequence Stratigraphy of Gurpi Formation at Deh Dasht Atea, Zagros Basin, SW IRAN. Acta Geologica Sinica (English Edition), 6
11
[12]Hart, B. M., and Baily, H. W (1979) The distribution of the Planktonic foraminiferidae in the Mid- Cretaceous of new Europe, Aspekt, der kriede, IUGS. Series, 6: 527-542 .
12
[13]James, G. A., and Wynd, J. G (1965) Stratigraphic nomenclature of the Iranian oil consortium Agreement Area. American Association of Petroleum Geologists, Bulletin, 49; 2182- 2245.
13
[14]Keller, G (2002) Extinction, Survivorship and Evolution of Planktonic Foraminifera across the Cretaceous /Tertiary Boundar at E1 Kef, Tunisia,49-83.
14
[15]Liewellyn, P. G (1974) Geological map of Ilam- Kuh Dast, 1:250 000.
15
[16]Permoli Silva, I., and Verga, D (2004) Practial Manual of Cretaceous Planktonic foraminifera, International school on Planktonic foraminifera, University of Perugia, 283.
16
[17]Sliter, W (1989) Biostratigraphic Zonation for Cretaceous Planktonic Foraminifera examind in the section.journal of foraminiferal Research 19: 1-19.
17
[18]Vaziri-Moghaddm, H. (2002) Biostratigraphic study of the Ilam and Gurpi Formation based on planktonik foraminifera in SE(Iran).Journal of scences, Islamic Republicof Iran,13: 339-356.
18
[19]Wynd, J.G (1965) Biofacies of the Iranian Oil Consortium Agreement Area, Report No.1082.
19
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Mineralogy and Reserve Evaluation of Khanik-Gazan Titanium Placer Deposit, Urmia, Northwest Iran
The Khanik-Qazan placer deposit is located at 82 km northwest of Urmia city, western Azarbaijan province. This area is a extremity northwest part of the Sanandaj-Sirjan structural zone. Microscopic studies show that ilmenite, ilmeno-magnetite and magnetite are the main ore minerals and layered gabbros are the main source rocks of these ore minerals. The prospecting activities in this area indicated good results relating to the existence of economic potential of ilmenite and titano-magnetite placer resource. Investigation of particles size distribution of representative total sample of the placer, indicated that 68 vol% of placer sample has sand size (< 2.36 mm), and the residual portion has gravel size (> 2.36 mm). An exploration plan was designed according to field geology studies, preliminary chemical analyses and prepared topographical and geological maps (1/5000 and 1/2000 scales). Eight trenches (a total length of 778.5 m and 1747 m3 total volume with 131 representative samples) and 43 test pits (a total depth of 140.3 m and 362 m3 volume with 121 representative samples) were drilled during the exploration phase. Geochemical analyses (carried out by XRF method) show that the grades of TiO2, ranges from 0.6 to 3.29 wt% (1.72 wt% in average) in exploration trenches and 1.01 to 4.83 wt% (2.39 wt% in average) in test pits. Vertical cross sectional method and geostatistical methods were used to reserve estimation of the placer ore. The estimated ore (in proved category) were measured 12 Mt with TiO2 grade of 2.338 wt% by classic method. Based on liberation degree study, suitable particle size for grinding of sand and gravel fractions were determined -500 µm and -250 µm for sand and gravel fractions, respectively. Mineral processing (ore dressing) studies show that the fraction +70 mesh (+210 micrometer) of sandy part of the Khanik-Qazan palcer ore have high concentrability, so that, an ilmenite concentrate containing 40.11 wt% TiO2 and recovery percentage of 86.41 are produced by using spiral classifier as primary concentrator and shaking table as final concentrator.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2108_ce7e5add80ae4d2ec64225c9947b3f05.pdf
2017-12-22
65
79
10.22084/nfag.2017.10331.1197
Ilmenite
Placer deposits
Reserve estimation
Degree of liberation
Khanik-Gazan deposit
Urmia
Yousef
Rahimsouri
y.rahimsouri@urmia.ac.ir
1
Assistant professor, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Urmia University
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] اژدری، ک (1379) پترولوژی سنگهای مافیک و الترامافیک کمپلکس غازان واقع در چهارگوش سـرو، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، پژوهشکده علوم زمین، سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافی معدنی کشور، 150 ص.
1
[2] اسدپور. م.، پورمعافی. م.، و هویس. ث (1392) ژئوشیمی، پترولوژی و تعیین سن توده مافیک- اولترامافیک غازان،شمالغرب ایران، پترولوژی، سال چـهارم، شـماره 14، 16-1.
2
[3] اعلمینیا، ز.، و گل قندشتی، م (1390) بررسی کانسار تیتانیم پلاسری در استان خراسان رضوی. اولین همایش ملی زمینشناسی ایران.
3
[4] آقانباتی، ع. و حـقیپـور، ع (1383) شــرح نقــشه زمینشناسی 100000/1 سرو (گنگجین)، انتشارات سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور.
4
[5] پرینی، ع.، و رحــیمسـوری، ی (1394) مـطالعـات زمینشناسی اقتصادی پتانسیل تیتانیم غازان ارومیه. هفتمین همایش انجمن زمینشناسی اقتصادی ایران، 17 و 18 شهریور ماه 1394، دانشگاه دامغان.
5
[6] پورقهرمانی، پ (1393) گزارش مطالعات فرآوری کانسنگ پلاسری خانیک ارومیه با استفاده از روشهای فیزیکی 78 ص.
6
[7] شرقی، ی (1393) تخمین ذخیره کانسار خانیک و غازان به روش زمین آمار (شرکت توسعه و سرمایهگذاری آتیه سپید آسیا - سهامی خاص)، 66 ص.
7
[8] رحیمسوری، ی (1393) گزارش زمینشناسی مقیاس 10000/1 محدوده اکتشافی تیتان خانیک- غازان ارومیه (ارائه شده به سازمان صنعت، معدن و تجارت استان آذربایجان غربی).
8
[9] رحیمسوری، ی.، و پورقهرمانی، پ (1393) گزارش پایان عملیات اکتشافی تیتان خانیک ارومیه (شرکت توسعه و سرمایهگذاری آتیه سپید آسیا - سهامی خاص)، 197 ص.
9
[10] مدنی، ح (1376) اصول پیجویی، اکتشاف و ارزیابی ذخایر معدنی. انتشارات کیا، 816 ص.
10
[11] مقدسی، س.ج.، و یزدی، ج (1394) زمینشناسی و نحوه تشکیل پلاسرهای تیتانیومدار ناحیه دره جوگز بالا در منطقه فنوج، استان سیستان و بلوچستان، مجله زمینشناسی اقتصادی، جلد 7، شماره 2، 341-327.
11
[12]Alavi-Naini, M (1972) Explanatory text and geological map of Djam. scale 1:250,000. Geological Survey of Iran. Tehran, Report 23, 288 pp (in French).
12
[13]Charlier, B., Skår, Ø., Korneliussen, A., Duchesne, J. C., and Vander Auwera, J (2007) Ilmenite composition in the Tellnes Fe–Ti deposit, SW Norway: fractional crystallization, postcumulus evolution and ilmenite–zircon relation. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 154: 119-134.
13
[14]Charlier, B., Namur, O., Malpas, S., de Marneffe, C., Duchesne, J. C., Vander Auwera, J., and Bolle, O (2010) Origin of the giant Allard Lake ilmenite ore deposit (Canada) by fractional crystallization, multiple magma pulses and mixing. Lithos, 117: 119-134.
14
[15]Charlier, B., Namur, O., Bolle, O., Latypov, R., and Duchense, J. C (2015) Fe–Ti–V–P ore deposits associated with Proterozoic massif-type anorthosites and related rocks. Earth-Science Reviews, 141: 56-81.
15
[16]Chen, W., Zhou, M. F., and Zhao, T. P (2013) Differentiation of nelsonitic magmas in the formation of the ~1.74 Ga Damiao Fe–Ti–P ore deposit, North China. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 165: 1341-1362.
16
[17]Gambogi, J (2010) Titanium and Titanium Dioxide. Mineral Commodity Summaries. U.S Geological Survey, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 195.
17
[18]Ghasemi, A. and Talbot, C.J (2006) A new tectonic scenario for the Sanandaj-Sirjan Zone (Iran). Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 26: 683-693.
18
[19]Pang, K. N., Zhou, M. F., Lindsley, D., Zhao, D., and Malpas, J (2008) Origin of Fe-Ti Oxide Ores in Mafic Intrusions: Evidence from the Panzhihua Intrusion, SW China. Journal of Petrology, 49(2): 295-313.
19
[20]Stocklin, J (1968) Structural history and tectonic of Iran, a review. American Association of Petroleum Geology Bulletin. K52 (7): 1229-1258.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Evaluation of hydrocarbon generative potential of Pabdeh source rock in Ramin Oilfield, Dezful Embayment, SW Iran
The one of the most important petroleum source rocks in the Zagros basin is the Pabdeh Formation that has been investigated by geochemical techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the quality of organic matter, evaluate thermal evolution and highlight Pabdeh Formation potential as a source rock of Ramin oilfield located in Dezful Embayment. Based on HI versus Tmax and HI versus OI diagrams were used in classifying the organic matter in the formation indicating the presence of Type II kerogen. Most samples of the Pabdeh formation have Tmax values more than 435ºC indicate that the shale of formation is thermally mature with respect to petroleum generation. Hydrogen Index (HI) values range from 150 to 350mgHC/gTOC and S1 + S2 yields values ranging from 11.98 to 31.06mgHC/g rock, suggesting that the shale have oil generating potential.The TOC of shale samples of the studied Ramin Well no. 4 ranges from 1.82 to 3.5%, an indication of a very good source rock of terrestrially derived organic matter. So, investigation of the variation S1 + S2 and TOC parameters indicated that Pabdeh Formation (in the well) is assessed a good source rocks in producing hydrocarbon. Also with T max examination showed that formation is mature enough to generate hydrocarbon and has yet entered oil generation window.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2109_4675ba137450f5b748ffd70c1020a922.pdf
2017-12-22
80
86
10.22084/nfag.2017.12858.1238
Pabdeh
Shale
Organic matter
Kerogen
Dezful embayment
S.
Senemari
snb1348@yahoo.com
1
گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین
LEAD_AUTHOR
M.
Jahani
kousha_1390@yahoo.com
2
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد دماوند، تهران
AUTHOR
A.
Karimi
kousha-1390@yahoo.com
3
گروه شیمی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی اهواز، اهواز
AUTHOR
[1] اشکان، م (1383) اصول مطالعات ژئوشیمیایی سنگهای منشأ هیدروکربوری و نفتها با نگرش ویژه به حوضه رسوبی زاگرس. انتشارات شرکت ملی نفت ایران.
1
[2] جهانی، م (1391) مقایسه نتایج مطالعات ژئوشیمیایی در سازندهای گورپی و پابده در مناطق بندرعباس و فروافتادگی دزفول. پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی دماوند، 150ص.
2
[3] رضایی، م.ر (1392) زمینشناسی نفت. انتشارات علوی، 552 ص.
3
[4] کمالی، م.ر.، قربانی، ب (1385) ژئوشیمی آلی از فیتوپلانکتون تا تولید نفت. انتشارات آرین زمین، 324ص.
4
[5] Barker, C (1974) Pyrolysis techniques for source rock evaluation. AAPG Bullrtin, 58:2349-2361.
5
[6] Behar, F., Beaumont, V., and Pentea, do B (2001) Rock-Eval 6 Tecnology: Performances and Developments. Oil & Gas Science and Tecnology-Rev. IFB, 56:111-134.
6
[7] Espitalie, J., Madec, M., Tissot, B., Menning, J.J., and Leplate, P (1977) Source rock characterization method for petroleum exploration. In proceeding of the 9th annual offshore technology conference, Houston, Texas, 3: 439-448.
7
[8] Heidary E., Hassanzadeh J., Wade W.J. & Ghazi A.M (2003) Permian-Triassic boundary interval in the Abadeh section of Iran with implications for mass extinction, part 1, sedimentology. Palaegeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology,193: 405-423.
8
[9] Hunt, J.M (1995) Petroleum geochemistry and geology, 2th ed., New York: W.H. Freeman Company.
9
[10]Page, M.M. and Kuhnel, C (1980) Rock Eval Pyrolysis as source rock using programmed pyrolysis, AAPG Bulletin, 64, 762.
10
[11]Peters, K.E (1986) Guidelines for evaluating petroleum source rock using programmed pyrolysis, AAPG Bulletin, 70: 318-329.
11
[12]Tissot, B. and Espitalie, J (1975) Thermal evolution of organic materials in sediments; application of a mathematical simulation; petroleum potential of sedimentary basins and reconstructing the thermal history of sediments, Revue de l› Institut Francais du Petrole et Annales des Combustibles Liquides, 30(5): 743-777.
12
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Prediction of the spatial distribution pattern of precipitation using geostatistical methods in Urmia region
Prediction of the spatial distribution of rainfall is essential for establishing the water balance and a good estimation of water availability, especially in mountainous areas because of complex rainfall gradient and scarce number of climatological stations. This study was conducted to evaluate the rainfall spatial distribution of Urmia region by interpolation methods. Data related to 38 climatological stations were used and three methods, IDW, Kriging, and Co-kriging were investigated. After normalization of data, variograms were computed. The least RSS and the most powerful spatial structure were considered as criteria for selecting the best model for fitting on experimental variograms. Cross-validation and RMSE were used for selection of best interpolation method. Results showed that Cokriging method, with elevation parameter as an auxiliary variable, has the least error which may be attributed to the significant correlation between the elevation and annual precipitation at the study region. Due to the mountains region and suitable condition for rainfed farming, so using cokriging method and GIS, high- resolution maps of rainfall distribution and determine rainfed farming region was prepared.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2110_dd44d53bcba528c742e394ad27f8b39d.pdf
2017-12-22
87
95
10.22084/nfag.2017.10079.1189
Precipitation prediction
Interpolation
Cokriging
Cross-validation
Urmia
F.
Asadzadeh
f.asadzadeh@urmia.ac.ir
1
گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
LEAD_AUTHOR
Ehsan
Ehsan Malahat
e.ehsanmalahat@gmail.com
2
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University Urmia, Iran
AUTHOR
S.
Shakiba
sina.shakiba69@gmail.com
3
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه
AUTHOR
[1] Alizadedeh, A (2003) Fundamentals of Applied Hydrology. 16nd edition. Imam reza University Publication. p. 815.
1
[2] Campling, P., Gobin, A. & Fegen, J (2001) Temporal and spatial rainfall analysis across humid Tropical catchment. Hydrological processes, 15, 359-375.
2
[3] Cho, J., Bosch, R., Lowrance, R., Strickland, T. & Vellidis, G (2009) Effect of spatial distribution of rainfall on temporal and spatial uncertainty of SWAT output. Am.Soc. Agricul. Biol. Eng. 52 (5), p. 1545–1555.
3
[4] Delrieu, G., Wijbrans, A., Boudevillain, B. Faure, D., Bonnifait, L. & Kirstetter, P.E (2014) Geostatistical radar-raingauge merging: a novel method for the quantification of rain estimation accuracy. Advances in Water Resources. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication.
4
[5] Diodato, N (2005) The influence of Topographic co-varicble on the spatial variabitity of precipitation over small Regions of complex Terrain, International Journal of climatology, 25, 351-363.
5
[6] Driks, K.N., Hay, J.E. Stow, C.D. & Harris, D(1998) High-resolution studies of rainfall on Norfolk Island, part two: Intrpolation of rainfall data. Journal of Hydrology, 208, 187–193.
6
[7] rogue, G., Humbert, J. Deraisme, J. Mahr, N. & Freslon, N (2002) A statistical–topographic model using an omnidirectional parameterization of the relief for mapping orographic rainfall. International journal of climatology, 22, 599–613.
7
[8] Faraji, H. & Azizi, Gh (2007) Accuracy of spatial data estimated by some areal interpolation methods (Case Study: Rainfall pattern in Kardeh watershed). Geographical Research Quarterly, 38(6), 1-15.
8
[9] Galván, L., Olías, M., Izquierdo, T., Cerón, J.C. & R. Fernández de Villarán, R (2014) Rainfall estimation in SWAT: An alternative method to simulate orographic precipitation. Journal of Hydrology, 509, 257–265.
9
[10] Goovaerts, P (2000) Geostatistical approaches for incorporating elevation into the spatial interpolation of rainfall. Journal of Hydrology, 228, 113–129.
10
[11] Hasani-Pak, A.A (2007) Geostatistics. 2nd edition. University of Tehran Publication. p. 314.
11
[12] Johansson, B. & Chen, D (2003) The influence of wind and topography on precipitation distribution in Sweden: statistical analysis and modeling. International journal of climatology, 23, 1523–1535.
12
[13] Mahdavi, M., Hosseini-Chegini, E., Mahdian, M.H. & Rahimi-Bandarabadi, S (2004) Application of geostaristical methods for estimation of annual spatial rainfall in arid and semiarid regions of south east of Iran. Iranian Journal of Natural Recourses, 57(2),211-224.
13
[14] Martinez-Cob, A (1996) Multivariate geostatistical analysis of evapotranspiration and precipitation in mountainous terrain. Journal of Hydrology, 174, 19–35.
14
[15] Matous, J.P., Cohen Liechti, T., Portela, M.M., & Schleiss, A.J (2014) Pattern-oriented memory interpolation of sparse historical rainfall records. Journal of Hydrology, 510,493–503.
15
[16] Mohammadi, J (2006) Pedometrics (Spatial Statistics). Pelk Publication. 453 pp.
16
[17] Robinson, T.P. & Metternicht, G (2006) Testing the performance of spatial interpolation techniques for mapping soil properties, Computer and Electeronics in Agriculture, 50, 97-108.
17
[18] Saghafian, B & Rahimi-Bandarabadi, S (2005) Comparison of Interpolation and Extrapolation Methods for Estimating Spatial Distribution of Annual Rainfall. Iran-Water Resources Research. 1(2), 74-84.
18
[19] Solaimani, K., Habibnejad, M., Akbar, A. & Bani-Asadi, M (2005) Analysis of depth-area-duration curves of rainfall in semiarid and arid region using Geostatistical methods (Case study: Sirjan). Desert, 11(1), 31-43.
19
[20] Wameling, A (2003) Accuracy of geostatistical prediction of yearly precipitation in Lower Saxony. Environmetrics, 14, 699–709.
20
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Study of mineral chemistry of biotite in Zargoli granitoid, Northwest of Zahedan
Zargoli granitoid is located in the northwest of Zahedan and south-east of Iran. This granitoid is composed mainly of granodiorite. Mineral chemistry of biotite was studied in granodioite rocks with the aid of EPMA and the results of this study were compared with the mineral chemistry data of biotite in Zahedan granitoids. Total amount of aluminum in comparison to Fe / (Fe + Mg) ratio in biotites of Zargoli granodiorite indicates the presence of aluminous upper crust materials (metamorphosed sediments) in magma by digestion process. Total Al amounts of biotites of Zahedan granodiorite were lower than those of Zargoli granodiorite and it is indicative that the magma of Zahedan granodiorite is less contaminated by crustal rocks. The study of mineral chemistry of biotite determines that the studied granodiorites were I-type and composed of a calc-alkaline granitic magma. This magma climbed in a subduction environment and contaminated with sedimentary rocks of the upper crust. The chemistry study of biotite determines a relatively high oxygen fugacity (10-12 to 10-13 bar) and an oxidant conditions for granodioritic magmas studied. The amount of oxygen fugacity in the Zahedan granite magma is obtained from 10-14 to 10-15 bar which in fact represents a weak oxidizing condition in the Zahedan granite magma.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2111_95fdd226232fa4ddcdec725be2cbd058.pdf
2017-12-22
96
108
10.22084/nfag.2017.13338.1252
Biotite
mineral chemistry
Zargoli Granitoid
Zahedan
Sistan
mehdi
saravani firouz
saravani_mahdi@yahoo.com
1
دانشکده زمینشناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران
LEAD_AUTHOR
A.
Kananian
kananian@khayam.ut.ac.ir
2
دانشکده زمینشناسی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران
AUTHOR
M.
Rezaei-Kahkhaei
rezaei@shahroodut.ac.ir
3
دانشکده علومزمین، دانشگاه شاهرود، شاهرود
AUTHOR
M. R.
Ghodsi
mohammadreza.ghodsi@gmail.com
4
گروه زمینشناسی، دانشگاه سیستان و بلوچستان، زاهدان
AUTHOR
[1] صادقیان، م (1383) ماگماتیسم، متالوژنی و مکانیسم جایگزینی تودة گرانیتوئیدی زاهدان، رسالة دکتری، دانشگاه تهران، دانشکده علوم، 450 ص.
1
[2] قاسمی، ح. ا.، صادقیان، م.، کرد، م.، خانعلیزاده، ع (1388) سازوکار شکلگیری باتولیت گرانیتوئیدی زاهدان، جنوبشرق ایران، مجله بلورشناسی و کانیشناسی ایران، شماره 4 ،551-578.
2
[3] کشتگر، ش (1383) پترولوژی، ژئوشیمی و تحلیل ساخـتاری گرانیتهای زرگلی (شمالغرب زاهـدان)، پایاننامه کارشناسیارشد، دانشگاه تهران، 161 ص.
3
[4] Abdel-Rahman A. M (1994) Nature of biotites for alkaline, calk-alkaline and peraluminous magmas, Journal of Petrology 35, 525-541.
4
[5] Anderson J. L., Smith D. R (1995) The effects of temperature and ƒO2 on the Al-in-hornblende barometer, American Mineralogist 80, 549-559.
5
[6] Camp V. E., Griffis, R. J (1982) Character, genesis and tectonic setting of igneous rocks in the Sistan Suture Zone, eastern Iran, Lithos 15, 221-239.
6
[7] De Pieri R., JobstraibizerPadova (1983) Crystal chemistry of biotites from dioritic to granodioritic rock-types of Adamello Massif (Northern Italy), NeuesJahrbuch Miner. Abh. 148, 58-82.
7
[8] Esmaeily D., Maghdour-Mashhour R (2009) Geochemistry of biotites from Boroujerdgranitoid complex, SSZ, Iran: A crucial factor for illustration petrogenesis and tectonomagmatic environment of host rock?, Geophysical Research Abstracts, vol.11. EGU 7980.
8
[9] Foster M.D (1960) Interpretation of the composition of trioctahedral micas, United states Geological Survey Professional Paper 354-B 11-46
9
[10]Huaimin X., Shuwen D., Ping J (2006) Mineral chemistry, geochemistry and U-Pb SHRIMP zircon data of the Yangxinmonzonitic intrusive in the foreland of the Dabieorogen”, Science in China: Series D Earth Sciences 49, 684-695.
10
[11]Middelaar, W. T., Keith, J. D (1990) Mica chemistry as an indicator of oxygen and halogen fugacities in the CanTung and other W-related granitoids in the North American Cordillera, Geological Society of America, Special Paper,246, 205-220.
11
[12]Monuz J.L (1984) F-OH and CI-OH exchange in mica with application to hydrothermal ore deposits, Reviews in Mineralogy13 469-493.
12
[13]Nachit H., Lbhi A., Abia E.H., Ohoud M.B (2005) Discrimination between primary magmatic biotites, reequilibratedbiotites and magmatic biotites and neoformedbiotites, Geomaterials (Mineralogy), Geoscience 337 1415-1420.
13
[14]Rezaei-Kahkhaei M., Kananian A., Esmaeily D., Asiabanha A (2010) Geochemistry of the Zargoli granite: Implications for development of the Sistan Suture Zone, southeastern Iran, Island Arc 19, 259-276.
14
[15]Shabani A.T., Lalonde A.E., Whalen J.B (2003) Composition of biotite from granitic rocks of the Canadian Appalachian orogen: A potential tectonomagmatic indicator? The Canadian Mineralogis 41, 1381-1396.
15
[16]Spear J.A (1984) Micas in igneous rocks, In: Micas, Bailey S.W., (ed); Mineralogical Society of America Review in Mineralogy, 13 299-356.
16
[17]Streckeisen A (1976) To each plutonic rock its proper name, Earth Sci. Rev. 12, 1-33.
17
[18][18] Wones D. R., Eugster H. P (1965) Stability of biotite: experiment, theory, and application, The American Mineralogist 50, 1228-1272.
18
[19]Xianwu B., Ruizhong H., Hanley J.J., Mungall J.E., Jiantang P., Linbo S., Kaixing W., Yan S., Hongli L., Xiaoyan H (2009) Crystallisation condition (T, P, ƒO2) from mineral chemistry of Cu- and Au-mineralised alkaline intrusions in the Red River-Jinshajiang alkaline igneous belt, western Yunnan Province, china, Miner. Petrol., 96, 43-58.
19
[20]Yang W J., Wang L K., Zhang S L., et al (1986) Micas of the two series of granites in south China, Acta Mineral Sin (in Chinese), 6(4): 298-307.
20
[21]Yang X. M., Lentz D. R (2005) Chemical composition of rock-forming minerals in gold-related granitoid intrusions, southwestern New Brunswick, Canada: implications for crystallization conditions, volatile exsolution, and fluorine-chlorine activity, Contrib. Mineral. Petrol., 150, 287-305.
21
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Earthquake hazard zoning using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and GIS techniques (Case study: central part of the Semirom city)
Natural hazards such as earthquake is as the nature disasters that have many financial and human losses every year. Today advances in science and technology, provided appropriate fields for the study and reduce these natural hazards. In this respect, the geographic information along with decision support tool used to assess the risk of earthquake. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different factors in the creation and earthquake hazard zonation of earthquake in central part of the Semirom city. For this purpose affecting factors were binary compared using analytical method by indicating the weight of each factor as indicator for their effects in occurrence of earthquake. Accordingly, the earthquake regionalization hazard map was prepared to the use of weighed information layer and weighted coefficient of each factor. Results of this study show that the analytical hierarchy method is precise method for evaluation of earthquake potential due to the use of binary comparison affecting factors and considering numerous factors for earthquake evaluation at the same time in comparison to the other prevalent method. The results indicates that the percentage of high and very high hazard class is 49.72 percent in AHP method.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2112_185dac8b686f2aaa6e3c733786502817.pdf
2017-12-22
109
118
10.22084/nfag.2017.10075.1188
Zoning
Earthquake
Semirom city
Analytic Hierarchy Process
Geographical Information System
M.
Rahimi Shahid
mr619htt@gmail.com
1
سازمان نظام مهندسی معدن استان اصفهان
LEAD_AUTHOR
N.
Rahimi
nimarahimi0084@gmail.com
2
دانشکده علومزمین، دانشگاه تهران، تهران
AUTHOR
[1] اسفندیاری درآباد، ف.، غفاری گیلانده، ع.، و لطفی، خ (1392) مدلسازی ضریب آسیبپذیری شهرها در برابر زلزله با استفاده از روش تاپسیس در محیط GIS. مجله پژوهشهای ژئومورفولوژی کمی، شـماره 2، سال دوم، 43-79.
1
[2] امیراحمدی، ا.، و آبباریکی، ز (1393) ریزپهنهبندی خطر زلزله شهر سبزوار با استفاده از سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی GIS. مجله جغرافیا و توسعه، شماره 35، سال دوازدهم، 133-152.
2
[3] رحیمیشهید، م.، کارگران، ف.، و رحیمی، ن (1394) تهیهی نقشه زونهای لرزهای گستره اصفهان با استفاده از دادههای سنجشازدور و سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی. نشریه سنجشازدور و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی در منابع طبیعی، شماره 4، سال ششم، 47-59.
3
[4] رنگزن، ک.، کابلیزاده، م.، و منصورنعیمی، ا (1394) پهنهبندی خطرپذیری زلزله با استفاده از سیستم استنتاج فازی و فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی فازی. نشریه سنجشازدور و سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی در منابع طبیعی، شماره 2، سال ششم، 1-17.
4
[5] شهابی، ه.، قلیزاده، م.ح.، و نیری، ه (1390) پهنهبندی خطر زمینلرزه با روش تحلیل چند معیارهی فضایی. مجله جغرافیا و توسعه. شماره 21، سال نهم، 65-80.
5
[6] فیروزیان، ع.، محمدیان، م.، و غفوریان، ه (1385) وزن دهی و رتبهبندی عوامل مؤثر بر رضایت مشتریان در صنعت خودرو با استفاده از فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی. نشریه فرهنگ مدیریت، شماره 13، سال چهارم، 37-64.
6
[7] قدسیپور، ح (1390) فرآیند تحلیل سلسله مراتبی AHP، انتشارات دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر (پلیتکنیک تهران)، 224 ص.
7
[8] قنبری، ا.، سـالکی ملکی، م.ع.، و قاسـمی، م (1392) پهنهبندی میزان آسیبپذیری شهرها در مقابل خطر زمینلرزه (نمونه موردی: شهر تبریز). مجله جغرافیا و مخاطرات محیطی، شماره 5، سال دوم، 21-35.
8
[9] کریمی کردآبادی، م.، و نجفی، ا (1394) ارزیابی خطر زلزله با استفاده از مدل ترکیبی FUZZY-AHP در امنیت شهری (مطالعه موردی: منطقه یک کلانشهر تهران). مجله پژوهش و برنامهریزی شهری، شماره 20، سال ششم، 17-34.
9
[10] موسوی، س.م.، عابدینی، م.، و اسمعلی عوری، ا (1394) ارزیابی خطر زمینلرزه در حوزهی شهری ایذه با استفاده از مدلهای چند معیاری WLC و AHP در محیط GIS. دو فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی مدیریت بحران، شماره 1، سال چهارم، 93-101.
10
[11] هـاشـمی، م.، آلشـیخ، ع.ا.، و مـلـک، م.ر (1393) پهنهبندی آسیبپذیری زلزله به کمک GIS (مطالعه موردی شهر تهران). مجله علوم و تکنولوژی محیطزیـست، شـماره ویژه 93، سـال شـانـزدهم، 349-360.
11
[12]Dey, P.K., Ramcharan, E.K (2000) Analytic Hierarchy Process Helps Select Site for Limestone uarry Expansion in Barbados. Journal of Environmental Management, 88: 1384–1395.
12
[13]Iranian Seismological Center (ISC) (2016) Earthquake Data.
13
[14]Kolat, C., Ulusay, R., Lutfi Suzen, M (2012) Developmentof geotechnical micro zonation model forYenisehir (Bursa, Turkey) located at a seismically activeregion Original. Engineering Geology, 24: 36-53.
14
Saaty, T (1980) The analytical hierarchical process: planning, priority setting resource allocation. New york, Mc Graw-Hill.
15
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Determination of geochemical anomalies of stream sediments in Pb-Zn Songol mine of north Khomein by using Singularity index mapping
The Chenar area of Khomein is located in the Sanandaj-Sirjan tectonic zone and in the Malayer-Isfahan metallogenic belt.This region has the mineralization of Pb, Zn, Ba, Ag and secondary mineralization such as quartz, hematite, limonite, calcite and malachite. In a geochemical study of drainage sediments, we were taken 127 samples and were analyzed 14 elements such as As Ba, Ca, Ce, K, Mn, Pb, S, Sr Th, U, W, Zn, and Zr and anomaly was determined by Lopiliteh and the singularity index method., The majority of elements are in the background according to anomalous maps by Lopiliteh method and the anomalies are seen only in limited areas of the region. The hidden anomalies are better identified in the maps of singularity index method and there is a good relationship between the derived anomalies and the position of the Sangol Pb-Zn mine in the region. The enrichment of elements such as As, Ba, Ca, Ce, K, Mn, Pb, S, Sr, Th, U, W, Zn, and Zr is shown by the singularity index method in the region. In this study, two districts with anomaly were identified as the future exploratory target.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2113_a08f961b4fc8e41c6d972bc6db8b466e.pdf
2017-12-22
119
131
10.22084/nfag.2017.12020.1230
Singularity Index Mapping
Lopiliteh method
Stream sediment
Khomein
Feridin
Ghadimi
ghadimi@arakut.ac.ir
1
Arak university and Technology
LEAD_AUTHOR
Zahra
ghadimi
m.zahra.ghadimi@gmail.com
2
دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک
AUTHOR
Mohammad
Ghomi
mghomi@aut.ac.ir
3
دانشکده مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه صنعتی اراک، اراک
AUTHOR
[1] سازمان زمینشناسی و اکتشافات معدنی کشور (1386) نقشه زمینشناسی 1:100000 محلات.
1
[2] قدیمی، ز (1394) استفاده از روش سینگولاریتی در تعیین آنومالیهای ژئوشیمیایی منطقه خمین به کمک دادههـای رسـوبات آبـراهـهای، پایاننامـه دوره کارشناسیارشد، مهندسی معدن گرایش اکتشاف.
2
[3] مدنی، ح (1390) مبانی اکتشاف مواد معدنی (جلد اول)، انتشارات جهاد دانشگاهی واحد صنعتی امیر کبیر.
3
[4] Cheng, Q )2007( Mapping singularities with stream sediment geochemical data for prediction of undiscovered mineral deposits in Gejiu, Yunnan Province, China, Ore Geology Reviews, no. 32, pp. 314 – 324.
4
[5] Cheng, Q., Agterberg,F. P (2009) Singularity analysis of ore-mineral and toxic trace elements in stream sediments, Computers & Geosciences, No. 35, pp. 234–244.
5
[6] Cheng,Q., Zhao, P (2011) Singularity theories and methods for characterizing mineralization processes and mapping geo-anomalies for mineral deposit prediction, GEOSCIENCE FRONTIERS (China University of Geosciences (Beijing)), No 2(1), pp 67 – 79.
6
[7] Liu,Y., Cheng, Q., Xia,Q.& Wang. X (2014) Identification of REE mineralization-related geochemical anomalies using fractal/multifractal methods in the Nanling belt, South China, Environment Earth Science 72(12),5159-5169.
7
[8] Zhao, J., Zuo,R., Chen,S., Kreuzer,O.P (2014) Application of the tectono-geochemistry method to mineral prospectivity mapping: a case study of the Gaosong tin-polymetallic deposit, Gejiu district, SW China, Ore Geology Reviews71,719-734.
8
[9] Zuo, R., Cheng, Q., Agterberg, F.P., Xia,Q )2009( Application of singularity mapping technique to identify local anomalies using stream sediment geochemical data, a case study from Gangdese, Tibet, western China, Journal of Geochemical Exploration, vol. 101, pp. 225–235.
9
[10]Zuo,R., Wang,J., Chen,G., Yang. M (2014) Identification of weak anomalies: A multifractal perspective, Journal of Geochemical Exploration148.12-24.
10
[11]Zuo, R., Xia, Q. & Zhang, D (2013) A comparison study of the C–A and S–A models with singularity analysis to identify geochemi[al anomalies in covered areas, Applied Geochemistry, N. 33, PP. 165–172.
11
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nannostratigraphy of deposits attributed to Gurpi-Pabdeh Formations boundary located in Izeh and Dezful embayment border, Zagros
The calcareous nannofossils are important in determining the relative age of the Mesozoic and Cenozoic layers.To study Cretaceous-Paleogene boundary, the section in East Ramhormoz were studied based on calcareous nanofossils. In this interval, were studied sediment thickness of 40 meters of shale and limestone and in this study, for the first time were identified 39 species of nannofossils. As a result this study were identified bio zones include Reinhardtites Levis Zone (UC18/CC24) and Arkhangelskiella cymbiformis (CC25/UC19) with Late Cretaceous ageand Heliolithus kleinpelli Zone (NP6) with Selandian/Thanetian age. Based on the zones obtained, the transition period examined is Maastrichtian-Selandian/Thanetian (Middle/Late Paleocene) and was determined the boundary between the Cretaceous to Paleogene of discontinuity type.
https://nfag.basu.ac.ir/article_2114_abd77788f3b69a4fe15c7d2ea9326922.pdf
2017-12-22
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10.22084/nfag.2017.14124.1264
Biozone
Nannostratigraphy
Deposite sedimentary
Izeh
Zagros
S.
Senemari
senemari2004@yahoo.com
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گروه مهندسی معدن، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین
LEAD_AUTHOR
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